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30 George Mason L. Rev. F. 1 (2023)

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New York Times v. Sullivan : Perspectives from History


                            Samantha  Barbas*
     Sarah Palin's loss in her libel suit in federal district court against the
New   York Times  on February  14, 2022, over an inaccurate 2017 editorial
linking her political action committee to a mass shooting,' could result in
a challenge to the  most  significant First Amendment   ruling in history.
Palin has appealed  to the Court of Appeals  for the Second  Circuit, with
the likely intention of getting the case before the U.S. Supreme Court.' She
is challenging New   York Times  v. Sullivan,, the landmark 1964 ruling in
which  the Court  for the first time applied the First Amendment   to libel
law and  held that public officials must show actual malice or reckless
disregard of the truth in order to win a libel suit.4 Sullivan and subsequent
cases made  it significantly more difficult for public officials and public
figures to win libel suits against the press., They freed the press and other
speakers from  the threat to free expression posed by strict libel laws.
     Palin's lawsuit is part of  a growing   movement to engineer the
overruling of Sullivan. That movement   has been  going strong for at least
six years now. Donald  Trump,  as candidate and president, announced   his
desire to eliminate Sullivan to make it easier to sue his liberal enemies in
the press.6 Trump's pronouncements,   not to mention  his many  libel suits
against  the press, inspired  further attacks  on  Sullivan.7 Criticism of
Sullivan has come  not only from conservative politicians and pundits, but


      University at Buffalo School of Law (sbarbas@buffalo.edu).
      Jeremy W. Peters, Sarah Palm's Libel Claim Against the Times IsRejected bya Jury, N.Y. TIMES
(Feb. 15, 2022), https://perma.cc/SWT4-CV5L.
    2 CE Brief of Appellant at 32-36, Palin v. N.Y. Times Co., 940 F.3d 804 (2022) (No. 22-558)
(arguing the press has become virtually impervious to liability for defamation despite the Supreme
Court's counsel against a 'blind application' of the [actual-malice] rule (quoting Curtis Pub. Co. v.
Butts, 388 U.S. 130, 148 (1967)).
    3 376 U.S. 254 (1964).
    4 Brief of Appellant, supra note 2, at 32-34; see also Sullivan, 376 U.S. at 279-80.
    5 See Curtis Publ'g Co. v. Butts, 388 U.S. 130,148,153-54 (1967); Associated Press v. Walker, 389
U.S. 28, 28 (1967) (per curiam); Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323,342-43,352 (1974).
    6 Michael M. Grynbaum, Trump Renews Pledge to Take a Strong Look' at Libel Laws, N.Y.
TIMES (Jan. 10, 2018), https://perma.cc/HF4Q-PCUE.
    7 See, e.g., Mike Leonard, Covington Catholic Defamation Suits to Hit NY Times, CBS, Others,
BLOOMBERG L. (Feb. 24, 2020, 6:30 PM), https://perma.cc/TRZ2-33SC.

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