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91 Foreign Aff. 48 (2012)
Bucking Beijing: An Alternative U.S. China Policy

handle is hein.journals/fora91 and id is 856 raw text is: Bucking Beijing
An Alternative U.S. China Policy
Aaron L. Friedberg
IN CONTRAST to its Cold War strategy of containment, Washington's
current approach to China is not the product of a deliberate plan-
ning process. It is nowhere codified in official documents. Indeed, it
does not even have a name. Still, for the better part of two decades,
the United States has pursued a broadly consistent two-pronged
strategy combining engagement and balancing.
U.S. presidents from Richard Nixon to Barack Obama have worked
to engage China through diplomacy, trade, scientific cooperation, and
educational and cultural exchange. Since the mid-199os, successive
administrations have also taken steps to maintain a favorable balance
of power in East Asia. As China has grown stronger, the United
States has bolstered its own military capabilities in the region,
enhanced its strategic cooperation with traditional allies, and built
new partnerships with other countries that share its concerns, such
as India and Singapore.
The engagement half of this strategy has been geared toward
enmeshing China in global trade and international institutions,
discouraging it from challenging the status quo, and giving it incentives
to become what the George W. Bush administration termed a
AARON L. FRIEDBERG is Professor of Politics and International Affairs
at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at
Princeton University and the author of A Contest for Supremacy: China,
America, and the Strugg/efor Mastery in Asia. From 2003 to 2005, he served
as a Deputy Assistant for National Security Affairs in the Office of the
Vice President.

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