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87 Foreign Aff. 133 (2008)
Freight Pain - The Rise and Fall of Globalization

handle is hein.journals/fora87 and id is 1091 raw text is: Freight Pain
The Rise and Fall of Globalization
Marc Levinson
As POLITICIANS blame international trade for closed car-parts
factories in Ohio, shuttered furniture plants in the Carolinas, and the
arrival of deadly pet food from China, discomfort with the global
economy is growing throughout the United States. A 2007 survey
by the Pew Research Center found that only 59 percent of Americans
polled thought that trade was good for their country-down 19 per-
centage points since 2002. Yet even as Americans lament too much
globalization, they are in fact on the verge of facing the opposite
dilemma: too little. Two factors are driving the retreat of globalization:
rising transportation costs and diminishing reliability, both of which
are causing long-distance supply chains to lose appeal. Companies
that provide American and European customers with goods made in
Asia are rethinking their business models and seeking ways to shorten
the distance between the factory floor and the store shelf. Although
international trade in manufactured goods will continue to expand, its
rate of growth is likely to be far lower than the double-digit average
of the past four decades. The world is not so flat after all.
The end of globalization's golden age will have major political and
economic implications. Deindustrialization is likely to fade as a domes-
tic political issue as the recent wave of factory closures in the United
States yields to a tide of openings and expansions. Although automated
MARC LEVINSON is an economist in New York and the author of The
Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World
Economy Bigger.

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