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14 Eur. J. Criminology 3 (2017)

handle is hein.journals/eujcrim14 and id is 1 raw text is: 


                                                                       European

Introduction                                                           Criminology

                                                           European journal of Criminology
                                                                   2017, Vol. 14(1) 3-6
Crimmigration in Europe                                            TeAto~)21
                                                                  @ The Author(s) 2017

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Maartje van der Woude                                     DOI: 10.1177/1477370816639814
Leiden Law School, The Netherlands                          journalssagepub com/home/euc
                                                                        OSAGE

Vanessa Barker
Stockholm University, Sweden


Joanne van der Leun
Leiden Law School, The Netherlands




Borders have seemed  to be a relic from the past across Europe for some decades now,
and, apart from law enforcement  officials, few people have expressed doubts with
respect to this new era. In his 2010 paper entitled 'Towards a Common  European
Border Security Policy', Georgiev forecast future challenges for border security within
the European  Union (EU).  Chief among  these was the prediction of an increase in
illegal or irregular migration into European territories arising chiefly from regional
conflicts and failing or failed states. He speculated that mounting unrest in areas such
as the Middle East would be  a significant cause of increased 'unwanted' migration.
Furthermore, Georgiev  commented:  'given the current difficulties of some Member
States to manage  and prevent illegal migration flows, the gap in capabilities and
resources for addressing the future challenges is worrying' (2010: 265). The current
wave  of mass migration - the largest and most visible since the Second World War -
has thrown the international community into disarray. On top of existing worries about
transnational crime, terrorist threats and the sustainability of national welfare state
arrangements, the impact of this modem exodus has been acutely felt across Europe.
Both mainstream  media  and European  leaders have characterized the situation as a
'crisis', a 'state of emergency' and even 'Europe's meltdown' (Daley, 2015; Foster,
2015; Graham-Harrison   et al., 2015; Traynor, 2015). It has further exposed serious
weaknesses  in the EU's governance and institutions that echo experiences of the finan-
cial crisis. The current situation has highlighted the continued existence of 'two
Europes', that is, a division between North-Western and South-Eastern Europe and a
wide gap between  European  ideals and citizens' perceptions and fears. The culmina-
tion of these reactions to modem-day mass  migration has been in stark contrast to
European  laws and policies, especially the principle of free movement of persons. The
Schengen  Agreement  and the Dublin III Regulation - both cornerstones of European

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