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17 Duke J. Const. L. & Pub. Pol'y Sidebar 1 (2021-2022)

handle is hein.journals/dukjppsid17 and id is 1 raw text is: NOTE
PAVING THE WAY FOR MIND-
READING: REINTERPRETING
COERCION IN ARTICLE 17 OF
THE THIRD GENEVA CONVENTION
JOHN ZARRILLI*
INTRODUCTION
Mind-reading is no longer a concept confined to the world of
science-fiction: Brain     reading   technologies    are  rapidly   being
developed in a number of neuroscience fields.' One obvious
application is to the field of criminal justice: Mind-reading technology
can potentially aid investigators in assessing critical legal questions
such as guilt, legal insanity, and the risk of recidivism.2 Two current
techniques have received the most scholarly attention for their
potential in aiding interrogators in determining guilt: brain-based lie
detection3 and brain-based memory detection.4
Neurologically inspired brain-based lie detection is akin to a
polygraph test, and primarily relies on functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI) to detect deception. The appeal of this brain-based
Copyright © 2021 John Zarrilli
*J.D. Duke University School of Law, 2022; B.A. Princeton University, 2018. I would like to thank
Professor Dunlap for his guidance and encouragement. I would also like to express my sincerest
appreciation to my Note Editor Albert Barkan and fellow editors at the Duke Journal of
Constitutional Law & Public Policy for their thoughtful feedback. This note is dedicated to my
grandparents, John and Rose Maloney.
1. Stephen Rainey et al., Brain Recording, Mind-Reading, and Neurotechnology: Ethical
Issues from Consumer Devices to Brain-Based Speech Decoding, 26 SCI. & ENG'G. ETHICS 2295,
2295 (2020).
2. Sjors L.T.J. Ligthart, Coercive Neuroimaging, Criminal Law, and Privacy: A European
Perspective, 6 J.L. & BIOSCIENCES 289, 291 (2019).
3. Martha J. Farah et al., Functional MRI-Based Lie Detection: Scientific and Societal
Challenges, 15 NATURE REVS. NEUROSCI. 123, 123 (2014).
4. Emily Murphy & Jesse Rissman, Brain-Based Memory Detection and the New Science
of Mind Reading, HANDBOOK HUM. MEMORY 1, 18 (Michael Kahana & Anthony Wagner eds.,
2020) (forthcoming 2021).

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