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38 Del. J. Corp. L. 1 (2013-2014)
Express Contract Terms and the Implied Contractual Covenant of Delaware Law

handle is hein.journals/decor38 and id is 5 raw text is: EXPRESS CONTRACT TERMS AND THE IMPLIED
CONTRACTUAL COVENANT OF DELAWARE LAW
BY MOHSEN MANESH*
ABSTRACT
Delaware law conceives of the implied contractual covenant of
good faith and fair dealing (the Implied Covenant') in contradictory
terms. It is both a gap filler subject to the express terms of a contract
and an overriding obligation notwithstanding the express terms of a
contract. It is not a judicial license to equitably rewrite bargainedfor
agreements, yet courts may invoke the doctrine to limit express
contractual rights when fairness dictates. How can these conflicting
conceptions coexist?
The answer lies in an inescapable reality that is left all but
unacknowledged by Delaware law: the express terms of every contract
must be judicially construed. By eliding this reality, the law obscures the
control that Delaware courts exercise over private agreements.
Acknowledging the judicial role in contract construction not only
harmonizes the Implied Covenant's conflicting conceptions, but because
judicial construction inevitably implicates a court's idiosyncratic notions
of equity and reasonableness, it also reveals a degree of indeterminate
judicial discretion inherent in the enforcement of express contractual
rights and obligations.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION                           ............2............ .....................2
II. THE IMPLIED COVENANT.......................................7
A. Basic Doctrine         ...........................      .........8
B. Doctrinal Conflicts................................10
.Assistant Professor, University of Oregon School of Law. The Author would like to
thank Eric Franklin, Afra Afsharipour, Lawrence Hamermesh, Jim Mooney, Carl Bjerre, Frank
Martin, the participants of faculty workshops at the University of California, Davis, School of
Law and the Widener University School of Law as well as the practitioners in attendance at a
presentation at the Wilmington Club in Wilmington, Delaware for their thoughtful comments
on this Article and its contents. The Author is also grateful to Matthew Mertens (J.D. expected
2013), William Brent Hamilton (J.D. expected 2013) and Ryan Kulback (J.D. expected 2014)
for their excellent research assistance on this project. This article was made possible in part by
the generous support of the University of Oregon School of Law.

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