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18 Chi.-Kent J. Int'l & Comp. L. 1 (2018)

handle is hein.journals/chkjicl18 and id is 1 raw text is: Chi. -Kent J. Int'l & Comp. L. Big Picture Thinking: Judges' Enforcement of International Treaties Alexa Small Introduction The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (the TOC Treaty) and the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially women and children (the Protocol) signifies an agreement between 187 parties, 147 of which have signed the convention,' to combat the worldwide human trafficking epidemic, a $150- billion-dollar industry . Pursuant to those goals and duties, the United States has made some progress, which includes state and federal regulation. Independently, states have enacted measures to combat this issue; uniquely, the District of Columbia and a couple of other states have implemented a legal privilege between human trafficking counselors and victims. The TOC Treaty's aim is to be an effective tool and [provide] the necessary legal framework for international cooperation in combating, inter a/ia, [... ] criminal activities [...],4 The Protocol, supplementing the TOC Treaty, aims: (a) to prevent and combat trafficking in persons, paying particular attention to women and children; (b) to protect and assist the victims of such trafficking, with full respect for their human rights; and (c) to promote cooperation among States Parties in order to meet those objectives.,5 The United States'- Senate received the 1 United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, UNITED NATIONS (Sept. 22, 2016, 01:52 PM), https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsgno=XVIII- 12&chapter- 18&clang=_en. 2 Human Trafficking by the Numbers, HUMAN RIGHTS FIRST (Jan. 07, 2016), http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/resource/human-trafficking-numbers. 3 State Confidentiality Statutes, THE WOMEN'S LEGAL DEFENSE AND EDUCATION FUND, at 15, http://www.Isc.gov/sites/default/files/LSC/pdfs/8. /20 /20Appendix /20VI /20 /20Handout /2030 /20State /20C onfidentiality%20Chart%207-20.pdf. 4 United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Protocols, December 13, 2000, S. ExEc. REP. No. 109-4, 40 ILM 335, at 2 (2001). 5id. Vol. XVIII

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