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4 Cardozo L. Rev. 611 (1982 - 1983)
Institutional Injunctions

handle is hein.journals/cdozo4 and id is 621 raw text is: INSTITUTIONAL INJUNCTIONS David Rudenstine* Introduction In recent years, federal courts have granted broad, detailed in- junctions' to remedy constitutional violations in state and local institu- tions2 for the involuntarily confined, such as prisons,3 jails,4 detention * Associate Professor of Law, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law. The author wishes to thank Cardozo School of Law for generously supporting the research for this Article and former Cardozo students Marc Bogatin, Ellen Friedland, Joan Pinto, and Susan Straus for their helpful research assistance. I These injunctions have been the subject of considerable commentary. See, e.g., D. Horowitz, The Courts and Social Policy (1977); Chayes, The Role of the Judge in Public Law Litigation, 89 Harv. L. Rev. 1281 (1976); Fiss, The Supreme Court, 1978 Term-Foreword: The Forms of Justice, 93 Harv. L. Rev. 1 (1979); Fletcher, The Discretionary Constitution: Institutional Remedies and Judicial Legitimacy, 91 Yale L.J. 635 (1982); Johnson, Observa- tion-The Constitution and the Federal District Judge, 54 Tex. L. Rev. 903 (1976); Robbins & Buser, Punitive Conditions of Prison Confinement: An Analysis of Pugh v. Locke and Federal Court Supervision of State Penal Administration Under the Eighth Amendment, 29 Stan. L. Rev. 893 (1977); Symposium: Judicially Managed Institutional Reform, 32 Ala. L. Rev. 267 (1981); Special Project-The Remedial Process in Institutional Reform Litigation, 78 Colum. L. Rev. 784 (1978); Note, Complex Enforcement: Unconstitutional Prison Conditions, 94 Harv. L. Rev. 626 (1981); Note, Implementation Problems in Institutional Reform Litigation, 91 Harv. L. Rev. 428 (1977); Note, The Wyatt Case: Implementation of a Judicial Decree Ordering Institu- tional Change, 84 Yale L.J. 1338 (1975); Comment, Confronting the Conditions of Confine- ment: An Expanded Role for Courts in Prison Reform, 12 Harv. C.R.-C.L. L. Rev. 367 (1977). 2 Although the focus of this Article is on institutional injunctions involving state and local institutions for the involuntarily confined, such as prisons, jails, detention facilities and juvenile detention facilities, I believe that much of what is said in this Article is pertinent to injunctions affecting other social institutions as well. 3 See, e.g., Battle v. Anderson, 564 F.2d 388 (10th Cir. 1977); Gates v. Collier, 548 F.2d 1241 (5th Cir. 1977); Williams v. Edwards, 547 F.2d 1206 (5th Cir. 1977); Costello v. Wainwright, 525 F.2d 1239 (5th Cir. 1976), rev'd, 430 U.S. 325 (1977); Finney v. Arkansas Bd. of Correction, 505 F.2d 194 (8th Cir. 1974); Laaman v. Helgemoe, 437 F. Supp. 269 (D.N.H. 1977); Chapman v. Rhodes, 434 F. Supp. 1007 (S.D. Ohio 1977), aff'd, 624 F.2d 1099 (6th Cir. 1980), rev'd on other grounds, 452 U.S. 337 (1981); Todaro v. Ward, 431 F. Supp. 1129 (S.D.N.Y.), aff'd, 565 F.2d 48 (2d Cir. 1977); Anderson v. Redman, 429 F. Supp. 1105 (D. Del. 1977); Nadeau v. Helgemoe, 423 F. Supp. 1250 (D.N.H. 1976), aff'd in part, 561 F.2d 411 (1st Cir. 1977); Pugh v. Locke, 406 F. Supp. 318 (M.D. Ala. 1976), modified sub nom. Newman v. Alabama, 559 F.2d 283 (5th Cir. 1977), rev'd in part sub nom. Alabama v. Pugh, 438 U.S. 781 (1978); Hamilton v. Schiro, 338 F. Supp. 1016 (E.D. La. 1970). See, e.g., Smith v. Sullivan, 611 F.2d 1039 (5th Cir. 1980); Jones v. Metzger, 456 F.2d 854 (6th Cir. 1972); O'Bryan v. County of Saginaw, Mich., 446 F. Supp. 436 (E.D. Mich. 1978); Inmates of Henry County Jail v. Parham, 430 F. Supp. 304 (N.D. Ga. 1976); Goldsby v. Carnes, 365 F. Supp 395 (W.D. Mo. 1973), modified, 429 F. Supp. 370 (W.D. Mo. 1977); Taylor v. Sterrett, 344 F. Supp. 411 (N.D. Tex. 1972), aff'd in part, 499 F.2d 367 (5th Cir. 1974), cert. denied, 420 U.S. 983 (1975).

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