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50 Crime & Delinquency 3 (2004)

handle is hein.journals/cadq50 and id is 1 raw text is: Foreword Dennis Fisher, Ph.D. This special issue on drugs and crime includes six articles that were presented at a health services research conference and a related article that was presented elsewhere. The theme of the conference was Health Services Research Among Hard to Reach Populations. The conference was held from October 30 to November 1, 2002, in Key Largo, Florida, and was hosted by James A. Inciardi, Ph.D., of the University of Delaware. The conference session that became the driving force behind this special issue of Crime and Delinquency was the session on crime and offenders. The papers presented in this session have been written by some of the foremost researchers in the fields of substance abuse and public health who have received funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. This collection of articles provides some of the most recent findings of their research and contains important policy implications for the criminal justice system. The first article in this issue, Trends of Criminal Activity and Substance Use in a Sample of Welfare Recipients, is from the research group at Affili- ated Systems in Houston, Texas. The study follows a large group of welfare recipients who have started their 5-year welfare (TANF) time limits and finds, contrary to popular belief, that during these 5 years, all types of crimi- nal activity decreased. The authors contend that the structure and emotional support derived from the welfare system decreases psychological stress and promotes a more crime-free lifestyle. A methodological article by Fisher and colleagues, Reliability of Arrest and Incarceration Questions on the Risk Behavior Assessment, presents the reliability data for an 11-site study done with the Risk Behavior Assessment (RBA). The RBA is a self-report instrument first used in the 23-site Coopera- tive Agreement for HIV/AIDS Outreach-Intervention Research program funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and has been used in over 1,000 papers, monograph chapters, presentations, and books since its devel- opment. This article presents the reliability data for the arrest and incarcera- tion questions on the RBA. Analysis shows that the questions seeking life- time arrests and incarceration history have very good reliability, but the questions concerning recent experience have poor reliability and should not CRIME & DELINQUENCY, Vol. 50 No. 1, January 2004 3-5 DOI: 10.1177/0011128703259154 © 2004 Sage Publications 3

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