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35 B.U. Int'l L.J. 69 (2017)
Private Security Companies and Human Rights: Are Non-Judicial Remedies Effective

handle is hein.journals/builj35 and id is 75 raw text is: PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES AND HUMAN RIGHTS: ARE NON-JUDICIAL REMEDIES EFFECTIVE?' Stuart Wallace2 I. INTRODUCTION ............................................ 70 II. EFFECTIVE REMEDIES ..................................... 76 A. Investigation and Fact-Finding......................... 78 B . A ccessibility ........................................... 80 C . Sp eed ................................................. 81 D . Transparency .......................................... 82 E . R edress................................................ 83 III. INTERNATIONAL-LEVEL MECHANISMS ..................... 84 A . The ICoC ............................................. 87 i. Investigation and Fact-finding ..................... 89 ii. A ccessibility....................................... 92 iii. Speed ............................................. 93 iv. Transparency ...................................... 94 v. R edress ........................................... 96 vi. Preliminary Findings .............................. 97 IV. STATE LEVEL MECHANISMS ...............................* * *98 A. State-based Non-Judicial Grievance Mechanisms ....... .98 B. Case Study: National Contact Points .................. 99 i. Investigation and Fact-Finding..................... 102 ii. A ccessibility....................................... 103 iii. Speed ............................................. 104 iv. Transparency ...................................... 105 v. R edress ........................................... 106 vi. Complaints Against PSCs ......................... 107 vii. Preliminary Findings .............................. 112 V . CONCLUSION ................................................ 113 1 The author would like to thank Corinna Seiberth, Mary Footer, Ugljesa Grusic and Jeff Kenner for their comments on earlier versions of this draft. This article is based on a report written in February 2016 for the FRAME project. The FRAME project - 'Fostering Human Rights Among European Policies' - is funded by the European Union under the Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (Grant Agreement No 320000). The article represents the views of the author and not of the FRAME research consortium as a whole. 2 Lecturer and Director of Studies, Homerton College, University of Cambridge. 69

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