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45 Buff. L. Rev. 189 (1997)
Native Cultures in a Rights Empire Ending the Dominion

handle is hein.journals/buflr45 and id is 199 raw text is: Native Cultures in a Rights Empire Ending the Dominion LEON E. TRAKMANt CONTENTS Introduction ................................................... 189 JI. Liberal Conceptions of Legal Relationships ........... 196 III. Recognizing Legal Relationships ......................... 212 A. Hohfeld's Relationships ............................... 214 B. Limitations in Hohfeld's Relationships ........... 217 IV. Transforming Legal Relationships ....................... 218 A. Reformulating Legal Relationships ................ 219 B. Extending the Application of Legal Relation- ships ...................................................... 223 V. Implementing Transformed Relationships ............. 229 A. A Transformative Methodology ..................... 230 B. A Transformative Illustration ...................... 235 Conclusion ..................................................... 238 INTRODUCTION Traditional Indian society understood itself as a complex of responsibili- ties and duties. The [Indian Civil Rights Act of the United States] merely transposed this belief into a society based on rights against gov- t © B.Comin., LL.B. (Cape Town), LL.M., S.J.D. (Harvard). Professor of Law, Dal- housie Law School, Canada; Bora Laskin National Fellow. This article, on Native concep- tions of justice, is part of an extensive investigation into the transformation of rights. For the philosophical and methodological aspect of this approach see LEON E. TRAKMAN & SEAN GATiEN, RIGHTs AND RESPoNSmILTEs (forthcoming 1997). For preliminary analyses, see Leon E. Trakman, Transforming Free Speech: Rights and Responsibilities, 56 Omo ST. LJ. 899 (1995); Leon E. Trakman & Sean Gatien, Rights and Values in the Abortion Debate: A Rights Metamorphosis, 14 THE WINDsoR YEARBOOK ON AcCESS TO JusTicE 420 (1995). This article benefitted from comments received from Alan Brownstein, David Beatty, Patti Doyle-Bedwell, Daniel Farber, Stanley Fish, Stuart Gilby, Martin Golding and Beverly Moran and the editorial assistance of Sean Gatien, Ray Maccallum and Ter- rance Sheppard. Funding for this study was provided by the Social Sciences and Hu- manities Research Council (SSHRCC) and the Department of Justice, Canada. 189

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