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26 Brown J. World Aff. 7 (2019-2020)

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      The Promises and Perils of

  Diaspora Mobilization Against

          Authoritarian Regimes



                             DANA M. Moss

TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL MOVEMENTS PLAY A critical role in the fight against
authoritarianism, and a growing field of diaspora studies shows that exiles,
6migr6s, emigrants, and refugees are especially well positioned to undermine
dictatorships from abroad.' Given their cross-border ties, diasporas often mo-
bilize against abuses taking place in their homelands, move aid to war zones
and refugee camps, and fuel revolutionary social change.2 Exiles who gain the
right to protest and lobby in their places of settlement can also become powerful
players in international relations. Iraqi expatriate Ahmed Chalabi, who helped to
justify the United States-led invasion of Iraq by fabricating evidence of Saddam
Hussein's weapons of mass destruction, is just one example of how influential
exiles can be when exacting revenge on the autocrats who abused them.'
       My research on diaspora activism for the 2011 Arab Spring uprisings
underscores why these activists' roles in world affairs warrant our attention.4 As
I detail below, diaspora movements for the revolutions in Libya, Syria, and Ye-
men lent their support to rebellion and relief, helping their compatriots combat
censorship, violence, and isolation in the world's periphery. However, my research
also reveals two major challenges that diaspora movements face in combatting
authoritarianism from afar. The first challenge arises when diasporas lack geo-
political support for their cause; the second arises when home-country regimes
counter-mobilize against their opponents through transnational repression. As
I explain below, both of these forces curtail voice after exit, in the words of
renowned economist Albert Hirschman, by making transnational activism a
DANA M. Moss is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Pittsburgh whose research on
social movements has appeared in venues that include the American Sociological Review, Social Forces,
Social Problems, and Mobilization: An International Quarterly. Her forthcoming book, The Arab Spring
Abroad, investigates how diaspora movements became transnational forces for rebellion and relief during
the Libyan, Syrian, and Yemeni revolutions of 2011 and beyond.
Copyright © 2019 by the Brown Journal of WorldAffairs


FALL/WINTER 2019 - VOLUME XXVI, ISSUE I

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