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12 Berkeley J. Middle E. & Islamic L. 1 (2021)

handle is hein.journals/bjme12 and id is 1 raw text is: Applying the Islamic Law of Rebellion to a
Modern Context
Osama Alkhawaja*
Does Islamic law require unconditional obedience to political
leaders? Is there an obligation to revolt against despotic oppressors? By
following the historical development of the right to rebel in Islamic law,
this paper attempts to answer these questions while serving as a corrective
for binary thinking. It explores the spectrum of views on this topic and
rejects the proposition that the Islamic law of rebellion is either pro or
anti revolution, and it examines how the traditional principles can be
applied to a modern context.
In tro d u ctio n .......................................................................................... .  2
I. The  Process  of  Islam ic  Law ...............................................................  3
II. The Principles of the Islamic Law of Rebellion............................... 5
A. Presumption in Favor of Stability ...................................... 5
B .  Ju st  C au ses........................................................................ . .  8
1.  Religious  Justifications .................................................  8
2.  Political Justifications  ...................................................  9
III. Applying the Principles to a Modern Context................................ 12
A. The Principle of Stability is Overemphasized .................. 13
B. Just Causes Must Incorporate Modern Grievances........... 15
C. The Balancing Test Should Consider New Factors ........... 17
C on clu sio n  ........................................................................................ . .  19
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38J09W52C
* University of Chicago Law School, J.D. 2020. I would like to thank Kamran
Bajwa, Amir Toft, and Elias Purmul for their guidance and helpful feedback. I am
indebted to Professor Khaled Abou El Fadl for his substantial research on this subject.
All mistakes are my own.
1

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