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39 Aust. & N.Z. J. Criminology 1 (2006)

handle is hein.journals/anzjc39 and id is 1 raw text is: Deterrence, Defiance and Deviance: An Investigation Into a Group of Recidivist Drink Drivers' Self-Reported Offending Behaviours James Freeman Queensland University of Technology, Australia Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q),Australia Poppy Liossis Queensland University of Technology, Australia Nikki David Queensland University of Technology, Australia T his article reports on the utilisation of aspects of defiance, deviance and deterrence theories to examine the self-reported offending behaviours and punishment experiences for a group of recidivist drink drivers (N = 166).The analysis indicated that the sample perceived their penalties as severe yet fair, but not entirely certain nor swift. Participants also reported they were treated fairly in court and received reasonable punishments compared to others, but a considerable proportion reported low levels of respect for the law and questioned the govern- ment's legitimacy to control drink driving. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors from all three models were identified as predictors of reoffending (e.g., severity, government legitimacy and respect for the law), as well as for the frequency of drink driving in the past (e.g., certainty and severity of punishment, personal shame and respect for the law). The findings indicate that aspects of all three models are applicable to the examination of habitual reoffending, but a number of factors appear associated with a drink driving offence. DETERRENCE THEORY AND DRINK DRIVING Sustained policing efforts in combination with the development and implementation of various countermeasures have resulted in significant reductions in the prevalence of drink driving in the past 15 years (Voas & Tippetts, 2002). More specifically, Address for correspondence: James Freeman, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q), School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Health, Beams Road, Carseldine QLD 4503, Australia. E-mail: je.freeman@qut.edu.au THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF CRIMINOLOGY VOLUME 39 NUMBER I 2006 PP 1-19

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