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13 ConLawNOW 1 (2021-2022)

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ABORTION RIGHTS IN THE SUPREME COURT:


                 A  TALE   OF  THREE WEDGES


                       Jennifer S. Hendricks *

     In mid-May, the Supreme Court granted certiorari in a case designed
to overrule Roe v. Wade.' It's safe to assume that six justices are inclined
to repudiate Roe, and some of those six would like to go further, declaring
a constitutional right to life that would prevent the abortion issue from
going back to the states at all. One of the six, Chief Justice Roberts, is
known   to prefer stealth overruling of precedent, and he will likely
convince  at least one other member  of the majority to overrule Roe
carefully, with an eye toward the Court's credibility and power. The
question for the next year is not whether Roe will be overruled-it already
was, in Planned Parenthood v. Casey2-but  how far the Court will go.
     This essay  describes the arc of the  Supreme  Court's abortion
jurisprudence in terms of three wedges-wedges   that pry the pregnant
woman   apart from first, her fetus; second, her doctor; and third, her
community.  The first two wedges have each taken a turn as the primary
rationale for restricting abortion rights. Roe itself founded abortion rights
on the first wedge as a theory for restricting them: the concept of a state
interest in the fetus itself, as an entity distinct from the pregnant woman.
As public opinion shifted in support of women seeking abortions, Casey
shifted to a new rationale for restrictions: distrust of the abortion provider,
from whom  the woman  needed to be protected. Most recently, at least one
justice has taken an interest in anti-abortion rhetoric that drives a wedge
between  the pregnant woman   and her community   by  accusing Black
women   who  have abortions of participating in eugenics and genocide.
Professor Melissa Murray has argued that this last wedge may provide the


* Professor of Law, University of Colorado Law School
    1. Jackson Women's Health Org. v. Dobbs, 945 F.3d 265 (5th Cir. 2019), cert. granted in
part, No. 19-1392, (May 17, 2021).
    2. 505 U.S. 833 (1992).


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