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32 Air & Space Law. 1 (2019)

handle is hein.journals/airspaclaw32 and id is 1 raw text is: 


THE


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AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION


& SPACE


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VOLUME 32, NUMBER 1, 2019


Coercive Diplomacy in the Skies


By Marcelo   L. Garcia and  Roncevert  G. Almond


                           e world is experiencing
                           a gradual yet decisive shift
                           toward a new paradigm in
                    international relations-one that
                    is based on muscular sovereignty
                    and assertive nationalism. Interna-
                    tional trade is increasingly subject
                    to geopolitics. In the realm of inter-
                    national air transport, this shift
                    has come  in the form of coercive
diplomacy involving civil aviation. From conflicts in the
Crimean peninsula to the Taiwan Strait, this growing
state practice has been referred to as the weaponization


of airspace.' At issue is whether such actions are con-
sistent with state obligations under the Convention on
International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention).2
   In some cases, coercive diplomacy has taken the
form of abrupt airspace closures and the unilateral
withdrawal of traffic and other commercial rights for
designated airlines.3 In other cases, measures have
aimed at seizing control of another state's airspace as
a means  to assert sovereignty over a disputed terri-
tory.4 In these instances, aspects of civil aviation are
not used to promote cooperation and comity between
states, but as geopolitical tools that create new hazards
                                 continued on page  7


Published in The Air & Space Lawyer, Volume 32, Number 1, 2019. 0 2019 by the American Bar Association. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. This information or any portion
thereof may not be copied or disseminated in any form or by any means or stored in an electronic database or retrieval system without the express written consent of the American Bar Association.


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