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GAO-23-106758 1 (2023-06-15)

handle is hein.gao/gaoouh0001 and id is 1 raw text is: 





















The  Big Picture
Violent extremism  and domestic  terrorism pose a
serious and growing  threat to safety in the U.S.:
   In January 2022, officials from the Federal
    Bureau  of Investigation (FBI) testified that the
    number  of FBI investigations of suspected
    domestic violent extremists had more  than
    doubled since the spring of 2020.
   According to our analysis of FBI data, the number
    of FBI's open domestic terrorism-related cases at
    any point during the fiscal year, grew by 357
    percent from 1,981 to 9,049 from 2013  to 2021.
   In April 2021, the Secretary of Homeland Security
    stated that domestic violent extremism posed  the
    most lethal and persistent terrorism-related threat
    to the homeland.
   The Department   of Homeland  Security (DHS)
    tracked a total of 231 domestic terrorism
    incidents, resulting in 145 deaths in the U.S. from
    calendar years 2010  to 2021.
We  discuss our extensive body  of work using the
definitions below.
   Violent extremism   is generally defined as
    planning or committing ideologically-, religiously-,
    or politically-motivated acts of violence.
   Domestic  terrorism  is generally defined by
    statute as acts dangerous to human  life that
    violate U.S. criminal laws, occur primarily in the
    territorial jurisdiction of the U.S., and appear
    intended to coerce a civilian population; influence
    government  policy or conduct; or affect
    government  conduct  by mass  destruction,
    assassination, or kidnapping.
   Preventing  violent extremism   in the U.S.-
    sometimes  referred to as countering violent


    extremism  (CVE)-focuses on reducing individual
    and societal risk factors associated with violent
    extremism  to prevent and provide intervention for
    individuals on the path to violence.
*   Counterterrorism   in the U.S. focuses on
    collecting intelligence, gathering evidence,
    making  arrests, and responding to incidents.
Examples Showing  Preventing Violent Extremism Is
Different from Counterterrorism


Community engagement and counseling to  Conecting evidence and
    prevent radicalization to violence  making arrests before an
                                    event has occurred





Source: GAO analysis of information from the White House, the Federal Bureau of
Investigation (FBI), and the Department of Homeland Security, FBI (adapted
photograph), Art Explosion (clip art)  GAO-23-106758

What   GAO's   Work   Shows

We  have  evaluated federal actions to counter violent
extremism  and  domestic terrorism, and have
identified some opportunities for improvement.
1. Strengthening   Strategic Planning
In July 2021, we reviewed  DHS's  2019  Strategic
Framework   for Countering Terrorism and  Targeted
Violence and  the related plans that outlined the
department's  vision for its counterterrorism activities.
We  found that t
of the key elements of a comprehensive   strategy as
shown  in the graphic below. For example, the
strategy did not include a discussion of what external
factors may affect DHS  in meeting its goals.


GAO-23-106758 Violent Extremism and Terrorism


1

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