About | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline Law Journal Library | HeinOnline
LOG IN
LOG IN

GAO-21-266R 1 (2021-01-28)

handle is hein.gao/gaobaeciu0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Ioo_ U.S. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE G A O A Century of Non-Partisan Fact-Based Work 441 G St. N.W. Washington, DC 20548 January 28, 2021 The Honorable Gregory W. Meeks Chairman The Honorable Michael T. McCaul Ranking Member Committee on Foreign Affairs House of Representatives CYBER DIPLOMACY: State Should Use Data and Evidence to Justify Its Proposal for a New Bureau of Cyberspace Security and Emerging Technologies The United States and its allies are facing expanding foreign cyber threats, as international trade, communication, and critical infrastructure become increasingly dependent on cyberspace. The United States also faces challenges to build consensus within international organizations on setting standards for how to govern the internet and cultivating norms for acceptable government behavior in cyberspace. The Department of State (State) leads U.S. government international efforts to advance the full range of U.S. interests in cyberspace. In January 2019, members of Congress introduced the Cyber Diplomacy Act of 2019,1 which would have established a new office to lead State's international cyberspace efforts that would consolidate cross-cutting efforts on international cybersecurity, digital economy, and internet freedom, among other cyber diplomacy issues.2 In June 2019, State notified Congress of its intent to establish a new Bureau of Cyberspace Security and Emerging Technologies (CSET). In contrast to the proposed legislation discussed above, State intended that its new bureau would focus more narrowly on cyberspace security and the security aspects of emerging technologies.3 According to State officials, Members of Congress raised objections to State's plan. On January 7, 2021, State announced that the 1Cyber Diplomacy Act of 2019, H.R. 739, 116th Cong. (2019). The House Foreign Affairs Committee reported out this bill, co-sponsored by 29 members of Congress, by voice vote in March 2019, but the full House of Representatives did not consider the bill prior to expiration of the 116th Congress. The House of Representatives passed a similar version of the bill during the 115th Congress, Cyber Diplomacy Act of 2017, H.R. 3776, 115th Cong. (2017). 2According to State, the term cyber diplomacy encompasses a wide range of U.S. interests in cyberspace. These include cybercrime, cybersecurity, digital economy, international development and capacity building, internet freedom, and internet governance. Others have defined cyber diplomacy as diplomacy in a cyberspace environment, in particular for building strategic international partnerships to support national interests. See A. Barrinha and T. Renard, Cyber-diplomacy: the making of an international society in the digital age, Global Affairs, vol. 3, no. 4-5 (2017); and C. Painter, Diplomacy in Cyberspace, The Foreign Service Journal, vol. 95, no. 5 (2018). 31n March 2020, the Cyberspace Solarium Commission recommended, among other things, the creation of a CSET bureau at State, which would report to the Under Secretary of Political Affairs or someone of higher rank. Accessed March 11, 2020. https://www.solarium.gov/report. In July 2020, the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence recommended to create a CSET bureau reporting to the Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security. Accessed September 10, 2020. https://www.nscaL.gov/. GAO-21-266R Cyber Diplomacy Page 1

What Is HeinOnline?

HeinOnline is a subscription-based resource containing thousands of academic and legal journals from inception; complete coverage of government documents such as U.S. Statutes at Large, U.S. Code, Federal Register, Code of Federal Regulations, U.S. Reports, and much more. Documents are image-based, fully searchable PDFs with the authority of print combined with the accessibility of a user-friendly and powerful database. For more information, request a quote or trial for your organization below.



Contact us for annual subscription options:

Contact Us

Already a HeinOnline Subscriber?

Log In

profiles profiles most