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B-332578 1 (2020-10-13)

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G     A      O       U.S. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE
441 G St. N.W.
Washington, DC 20548


B-332578


October 13, 2020

The Honorable Chuck Grassley
Chairman
The Honorable Ron Wyden
Ranking Member
Committee on Finance
United States Senate

The Honorable Frank Pallone, Jr.
Chairman
The Honorable Greg Walden
Ranking Member
Committee on Energy and Commerce
House of Representatives

The Honorable Richard Neal
Chairman
The Honorable Kevin Brady
Ranking Member
Committee on Ways and Means
House of Representatives

Subject: Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid
       Services: Medicare Program; Specialty Care Models to Improve Quality of Care and
       Reduce  Expenditures

Pursuant to section 801(a)(2)(A) of title 5, United States Code, this is our report on a major rule
promulgated by the Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare &
Medicaid Services (CMS) entitled Medicare Program; Specialty Care Models to Improve
Quality of Care and Reduce Expenditures (RIN: 0938-AT89). We received the rule on
September 21, 2020. It was published in the Federal Register as a final rule on September 29,
2020. 85 Fed. Reg. 61114. The effective date of the rule is November 30, 2020.

According to CMS, this final rule implements two new mandatory Medicare payment models
under section 1115A of the Social Security Act-the Radiation Oncology Model (RO Model) and
the End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Treatment Choices Model (ETC Model). Social Security
Act, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620 (Aug 14, 1935), 42 U.S.C. § 1315a. CMS stated that the RO Model
will promote quality and financial accountability for providers and suppliers of radiotherapy (RT).
CMS  stated further that the RO Model will be a mandatory payment model and will test whether
making prospective episode payments to hospital outpatient departments and freestanding
radiation therapy centers for RT episodes of care preserves or enhances the quality of care
furnished to Medicare beneficiaries while reducing Medicare program spending through
enhanced financial accountability for RO Model participants. According to CMS, the ETC Model

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