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B-241970.2 1 (1991-07-29)

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Conbever Genenl

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Decision

Matter of: Smithsonian Institution Use of Appropriated Funds
            for Legal Representation of Officers and Employees

File:       B-241970.2

Date:       July 29, 1991

DIGEu

Appropriated funds of the Smithsonian Institution are not
available to provide litigative services to federal employees
unless the Attorney General determines that representation of
the employee would be in the interest of the United States but
cannot be provided by the Justice Department. Based on the
record submitted to this Office, we conclude that the Smith-
sonian should not have used appropriations to finance the
legal defense of a Department of the Interior employee
detailed to the Smithsonian who became the subject of multiple
federal civil and criminal investigations, and should not
spend any additional appropriated funds for this purpose
unless the Justice Department, based on evidence not made
available to us, certifies that representing Dr. Mitchell is
in the government's interest.

DECISION

In a letter dated January ;9, 1991, the Under Secretary-of the
Smithsonian Institution asked this Office to review the Smith-
sonian's use of appropriated funds to pay a private lawyer to
defend Dr. Richard Mitchell)(a Department of the Interior
employee, detailed to the Smithsonian) against charges stemming
from federal civil and ctfhiinal investigations. Among 0ther
things, Dr. Mitchell is alleged to have facilitated violations
of the U.S. Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. S 1531 (1988),
and engaged in unlawful financial arrangements in conflict
with his official responsibilities. As explained below, we
conclude that the Smithsonian should not have used appropri-
ated funds to pay Dr. Mitchell's attorney, and should spend no
further federal funds for Dr. Mitchell's attorney fees unless
the Attorney General certifies that representing Dr. Mitchell
is in the government's interest.

BACKGROUND

Dr. Richard Mitchell is employed as a staff zoologist by the
Department of the Interior's (DOI) Fish and Wildlife Service.
His responsibilities there involve him in the implementation
and enforcement of the Endangered Species Act and other simi-
lar laws. Over the past decade, Dr. Mitchell has traveled
extensively in the People's Republic of China (China) and

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