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116956 1 (1981-12-02)

handle is hein.gao/gaobacssl0001 and id is 1 raw text is: SUMmARY OF GAO TESTIMONY BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS U.S. SENATE ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR SAFEGUARDS DECEMBER 2, 1981 Substantial improvements are required if the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is to fulfill its increasing safe- guards rESpGhSibilities. The number of facilities and the amount of nuclear riaterial under safeguards has increased rdpidly in recenit years. Many of the nuclear facilities now subject to safeguards are larger and more complex than those originally under safeguards. To meet its responsiblities, IAEA needs moore technical, political, and financial support from its rmiembers. The extent to which present safeguards are effective is largely a ratter of juogment. It would be difficult to prove if or to what degree safeguards have achieved their desired effect. Nevertheless, iL is clear that the creaiollity of inter- national safeguards as . deterrent to proliferation depends upon the probability of prompt aetection. In many cases this prob- ability of detection needs to be increased. Several factors hinaer IAEA in applying safeguaros includ- ing, (1) a li ited number of inspectors, (2) a lack of suitable techniques and equipment, (3) inadequate nuclear raterial accounting practices by some nations, and (4) political con- straints. Moreover, IAEA is experiencing financial constraints in performing its increasing sdfeguards responsibilities. It seems reasonable to concluae that IAEA's safeguards effective- ness has oeen adversely influenced by these proolenis. The United States and others have been working to streng- then IAEA safeguards. We founa that intensified U.S. efforts to upgrace IAEA safeguaras have had some positive results, but they have riot yet had as significant an impact as had been hoped and that IAEA safeguards need futher iriproverent. 116956

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