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GAO-03-744R 1 (2003-06-18)

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         Aco untability * Integrity * Reliability
United States General Accounting Office
Washington, D.C. 20548



                                     June 18, 2003

                                     The Honorable Harry Reid
                                     Ranking Member, Subcommittee on Transportation
                                       and Infrastructure
                                     Committee on Environment and Public Works
                                     United States Senate

                                     Subject: Trends in Federal and State Capital Investment in Highways

                                     Amid projections that freight traffic will increase 65 percent by 2020 and
                                     that traffic congestion will worsen, many transportation officials are
                                     concerned about the challenge of maintaining and improving the condition
                                     and performance of the nation's highway infrastructure. In 1998, the
                                     Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) increased funding
                                     for highways by 27 percent in real terms over the previous surface
                                     transportation authorization act--the Intermodal Surface Transportation
                                     Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA).' Nevertheless, the Federal Highway
                                     Administration (FHWA) estimates that the nation will need to spend about
                                     $76 billion-or 18 percent more than it spent in 2000-each year through
                                     2020 to maintain the average conditions and performance of the nation's
                                     highways and bridges, and about $107 billion or 65 percent more than it
                                     spent in 2000 to efficiently improve the highway system.2 These
                                     projections raise concerns because both the federal government and state
                                     governments are facing budget deficits in the years ahead, totaling
                                     hundreds of billions of dollars.

                                     As you prepare to reauthorize TEA-21 and establish funding levels for the
                                     next several years, you asked us to provide historical information on the
                                     nation's investment in its highway infrastructure. In particular, you asked
                                     that we (1) identify overall trends in the nation's capital investment in its
                                     highway system over the past 20 years, particularly since the enactment of
                                     TEA-21 in 1998-and compare the trends in federal spending with the
                                     trends in state and local government spending; (2) determine how these
                                     trends in highway capital investment compare with the fiscal capacity of
                                     both the nation and individual states to fund these programs, particularly


                                     1Based on a comparison of authorization levels for Title 1 programs in ISTEA and TEA-21
                                     shown in FHWA's Financing Federal-Aid Highways. We adjusted the authorizations to
                                     2001 dollars using gross domestic product (GDP) deflators.
                                     'FHWA projections are based in 2000 dollars.


GAO-03-744R Trends in Federal and State Highway Investment


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