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GAO-18-202R 1 (2018-01-10)

handle is hein.gao/gaobaalja0001 and id is 1 raw text is: cAO U.S. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE 441 G St. N.W. Washington, DC 20548 January 10, 2018 The Honorable John McCain Chairman The Honorable Jack Reed Ranking Member Committee on Armed Services United States Senate The Honorable Mac Thornberry Chairman The Honorable Adam Smith Ranking Member Committee on Armed Services House of Representatives Defense Budget: Obligations of Overseas Contingency Operations Funding for Operation and Maintenance Base Requirements Since September 2001, Congress has appropriated approximately $1.7 trillion to the Department of Defense (DOD) to fund overseas contingency operations (OCO).1 Since fiscal year 2010, DOD has requested, and Congress has authorized and appropriated, separate amounts for both operation and maintenance (O&M) base requirements2 and O&M OCO requirements as part of the annual budget cycle.3 Both amounts, however, are appropriated into and executed out of the military services' existing O&M accounts. Congress directs how both O&M base and O&M OCO appropriations are to be obligated by designating specific amounts at the subactivity level in conference reports or explanatory statements accompanying annual appropriations acts. On occasion, Congress has directed that O&M OCO appropriations be used to support base requirements. For example, in fiscal year 2015 Congress directed that $1 billion of O&M OCO appropriations be used to improve DOD military readiness, including increased training, depot maintenance, and operations support for installations-requirements that are generally supported with O&M base appropriations. 1DOD defines contingency operations as small, medium, or large-scale military operations, including peacekeeping operations, major humanitarian assisted efforts, noncombatant evacuation operations, and international disaster relief efforts. 2Base requirements are those costs that would be incurred whether or not a contingency operation took place. O&M base requirements encompass continuing annual costs of DOD's routine operations, including operating support for installations, training and education, civilian personnel, maintenance, contracted services, and defense health. 3Prior to fiscal year 2010, supplemental appropriations generally provided additional budget authority needed by DOD for contingency operations and were most often identified as Global War on Terror (GWOT) rather than as OCO funding. Supplemental appropriations are funds appropriated in addition to those already enacted in an annual appropriation act and provide additional budget authority usually in cases where the need for funds is too urgent to be postponed until the enactment of the regular appropriation bill. GAO-18-202R Defense Budget Page 1

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