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GAO-14-626R 1 (2014-07-17)

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GAOU.S. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE
441 G St. N.W.
Washington, DC 20548



July 17, 2014


Congressional Committees


Missile Defense: DOD's Report Provides Limited Insight on Improvements to Homeland
Missile Defense and Acquisition Plans

The Missile Defense Agency (MDA) is developing the Ground-based Midcourse Defense
System (GMD) to defend the United States against an intermediate and intercontinental ballistic
missile attack.1 As part of this system, the Department of Defense (DOD) has already deployed
30 ground-based interceptors-consisting of a booster with a kill vehicle on top-and a fire
control system that uses information from sensors to formulate a battle plan. According to DOD,
GMD is able to protect the United States from a limited ballistic missile attack from North Korea
and Iran. However, in March 2014, a senior DOD official testified that due to test failures and the
current ballistic missile threats, one of the highest priorities for the protection of the United
States is to improve the reliability and effectiveness of the GMD ground-based interceptor.
According to the DOD Guide for Achieving Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability, reliability
is an essential element of mission capability and is defined as the probability that an item will
perform a necessary function when required. Between December 2010 and July 2013, the
program experienced three consecutive test failures: one failure with GM D's original interceptor
configuration called the Capability Enhancement I (CE-I) and two failures with the upgraded
version called the Capability Enhancement II (CE-Il).2 These test failures along with other
delays and concurrent acquisition activities have raised questions about the reliability of the
GMD system.3

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013, signed into law on January 2,
2013, mandated that the Secretary of Defense submit to the congressional defense committees
a report on the status of efforts to improve the homeland ballistic missile defense capability of
the United States that was required to include, among other things, a description of the results
of two planned flight tests.4 While DOD was required to provide the report to the congressional
defense committees no later than July 2, 2013, it did not submit that report until February 7,
2014. Additionally, GAO was required to brief the congressional defense committees on our
views of DOD's report and submit a report as soon as practicable.5 We offered briefings to all
the congressional defense committees and briefed the Senate and House Armed Services

1 Intermediate-range ballistic missiles have a range from 1,864 to 3,418 miles and intercontinental ballistic missiles
have a range greater than 3,418 miles.
2 While a draft of this report was at DOD for comment, MDA conducted Flight Test GMD-06b (FTG-06b) on June 22,
2014. Initial results indicate that the CE-Il EKV intercepted the target however the test analysis is ongoing.
3 Concurrency is broadly defined as the overlap between technology development and product development or
between product development and production.
4 Pub. L. No. 112-239, § 228(b). The congressional defense committees are the Committee on Armed Services and
the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on
Appropriations of the House of Representatives. 10 U.S.C. § 101 (a) (16).
5 Pub. L. No. 112-239, § 228(c).


GAO-14-626R Homeland Missile Defense


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