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2018 Prisoners in 1 (2018)

handle is hein.death/prsin2018 and id is 1 raw text is: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau ofJustice Statistics April 2020, NCJ 253516 Prisoners in 2018 E. Ann Carson, Ph.D., BJS Statistician F rom the end of 2017 to the end of 2018, the total prison population in the United States declined from 1,489,200 to 1,465,200, a decrease of 24,000 prisoners. This was a 1.6% decline in the prison population and marked the fourth consecutive annual decrease of at least 1%. The combined federal and state imprisonment rate, based on sentenced prisoners (those sentenced to more than one year), fell 2.4% from 2017 to 2018, declining from 441 to 431 prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents. Across a decade, the imprisonment rate-the proportion of U.S. residents who are in prison-fell 15%, from 506 sentenced prisoners in 2008 to 431 in 2018 per 100,000 U.S. residents (figure 1). During that time, the imprisonment rate dropped 28% among black residents, 21% among Hispanic residents, and 13% among white residents. It also dropped among both men (down 15%) and women (down 9%). The imprisonment rate overall was lower in 2018 (431 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents) than at any time since 1996 (427). FIGURE 1 Combined state and federal imprisonment rate per 100,000 U.S. residents of a given race or ethnicity, 2008-2018 2,000 - Black 1,500 - 1,000 --- - -.- -- - -.... Hispanic 500 - t- White 0 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 '13 '14 '15 '16 '17 '18 Note: Rates are based on prisoners sentenced to serve more than one year in state or federal prison. See table 5 for rates from 2008 to 2018. *Includes all races, including those not shown separately in the figure. Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Prisoner Statistics, 2008-2018. HIGHLIGHTS The number of prisoners under state or federal jurisdiction decreased by an estimated 24,000 (down 1.6%) from 2017 to 2018, and by 143,100 (down 9%) from 2008 to 2018. In 2018, the combined state and federal imprisonment rate (431 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents) was the lowest since 1996 (427 per 100,000). The imprisonment rate fell 2% from 2017 to 2018 and 15% from 2008 to 2018. From 2008 to 2018, the imprisonment rate dropped 28% among blacks, 21% among Hispanics, and 13% among whites. In 2018, the imprisonment rate of black residents (1,134 sentenced black prisoners per 100,000 black residents) was the lowest since 1989 (1,050 per 100,000). In 2018, the imprisonment rate of black males was 5.8 times that of white males, while the imprisonment rate of black females was 1.8 times the rate of white females. Non-U.S. citizens made up a similar portion of the U.S. prison population (7.7%) as they did of the total U.S. population (6.9%, per the U.S. Census Bureau). Less than 15% of sentenced state prisoners were serving time for a drug offense at year-end 2017 (4% for possession), the most recent year for which data are available. Among sentenced state prisoners at year-end 2017, an estimated three-fifths of blacks and Hispanics (61% each) and nearly half of whites (48%) were serving time for a violent offense. VB7SV0

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