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1 1 (August 22, 2018)

handle is hein.crs/govzal0001 and id is 1 raw text is: August 22, 2018 Agriculture Appropriations: Animal and Plant Health The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), an agency within the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), is responsible for protecting U.S. agriculture from domestic and foreign pests and diseases. APHIS also responds to domestic animal and plant health risks and facilitates agricultural trade by enforcing sanitary and phytosanitary science-based standards. Prominent disease and pest concerns include avian influenza, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease), foot-and- mouth disease, and invasive plant pests, such as emerald ash borer and spotted lanternfly (Table 1). APHIS also administers federal activities under the Animal Welfare Act that protects animals in research and public exhibitions and under USDA's Wildlife Services Program to protect against threats to wildlife health. In addition, APHIS is the lead U.S. federal agency for reporting disease and/or pest outbreaks to the World Organization for Animal Health (also known as OIE). APHIS partners with state and federal agencies, tribes, universities, nongovernmental organizations, and private entities to achieve plant and animal health protection goals (e.g., surveying invasive threats to honey bee health or detecting pathogens in specialty crops). Table I. Select APHIS-Monitored Diseases and Pests PLANT * Asian longhorned beetle * Imported fire ant * Citrus greening * Mediterranean fruit fly * Emerald ash borer beetle * Mexican fruit fly * Giant African snail * Spotted lanternfly ANIMAL * Avian influenza * Porcine epidemic diarrhea * Bovine spongiform virus encephalopathy * Scrapie * Cattle fever tick * Swine influenza * Equine infectious anemia * Tuberculosis/brucellosis Source: APHIS, Plant Pests and Diseases Programs and Animal Disease Information. Last modified January 30, 2018. Fundarentals of APHIS Appropriations Congress makes annual appropriations for animal and plant health programs administered by APHIS. The Subcommittees on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies of the House and Senate Appropriations Committees provide appropriated funds to APHIS. Between FY2014 and FY2018, APHIS's discretionary appropriation has averaged $877 million. APHIS's appropriations cover four broad mission areas: (1) Safeguarding and Emergency Preparedness/Response, (2) Agency-Wide Programs, (3) Safe Trade and International Technical Assistance, and (4) Animal Welfare (Figure 1 and Table 2). For FY2018, APHIS's discretionary appropriations (P.L. 115-141) was $981.9 million plus $3.2 million for buildings and facilities costs. Section 771 of P.L. 115-141 includes a general provision to grant APHIS an additional $5.5 million to remain available until September 30, 2019, for one-time control and management and associated activities directly related to the multiple-agency response to citrus greening disease. Figure I. APHIS Appropriations FY201 I -FY2018 IN MILLIONS $10 Animal Welfare Agency-Wide Safe Trade and InternatonaI $600Technical $400 $200 p $0 - N m ~ Lfl W N Source: CRS, using USDA, Office of Budget and Program Analysis, USDA Congressional Budget justifications and P.L. 115- 141. Notes: Excludes additional funding provided in other accounts and mandatory funding. Table 2. APHIS Appropriations FY20 I -FY20 18 Safeguarding Safe Trade Agency- Animal and and Wide Welfare Emergency International Programs Preparedness/ Technical Response Assistance Millions of Dollars 2011 $790.9 $32.7 $10.2 $22.4 2012 $748.5 $33.5 $10.2 $28.0 2013 $751.0 $33.4 $9.7 $27.8 2014 $749.4 $34.2 $9.4 $28.7 2015 $754.3 $36.2 $52.0 $28.7 2016 $776.1 $37.2 $52.0 $29.1 2017 $826.9 $37.7 $52.0 $29.5 2018 $860.6 $37.7 $51.7 $31.5 Source: CRS, using USDA, Office of Budget and Program Analysis, USDA Congressional Budget justifications and P.L. 115-141. Note: Excludes additional funding provided in other accounts and mandatory funding. https://crsreports.congress go

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