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1 1 (February 11, 2019)

handle is hein.crs/govyhp0001 and id is 1 raw text is: iCongressional *.Research Service Border Security Between Ports of Entry: Homeland Security Issues in the 116th Congress Updated February 11, 2019 The United States' southern border with Mexico runs for approximately 2,000 miles over diverse terrain, vaned population densities, and discontinuous sections of public, private, and tribal land ownership. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is primarily responsible for border security, including the construction and maintenance of tactical infrastructure, installation and monitoring of surveillance technology, and the deployment of border patrol agents to prevent unlawful entries of people and contraband into the United States (including unauthorized migrants, terrorists, firearms, narcotics, etc.). CBP's border management and control responsibilities also include facilitating legitimate travel and commerce. Existing statute pertaining to border security confers broad authority to DHS to construct barriers along the U.S. border to deter unlawful crossings, and more specifically directs DHS to deploy fencing along at least 700 miles of the southern border with Mexico. The primary statute is the Illegal Immigration and Immigrant Responsibility ACT (IIRIRA) as amended by the REAL ID Act of 2005, the Secure Fence Act of 2006, and the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008. On January 25, 2017, President Trump issued Executive Order 13767 Border Security and Immigration Enforcement Improvements, which addresses, in part, the physical security of the southern border and instructed the DHS Secretary to take all appropriate steps to immediately plan, design, and construct a physical wall along the southern border, using appropriate materials and technology to most effectively achieve complete operational control. The order did not identify the expected mileage of barriers to be constructed. The three main dimensions of border security are tactical infrastructure, surveillance technology, and personnel. Tactical Infrastructure. Physical barriers between ports of entry (POE) on the southern border vary in age, purpose, form, and location. GAO reports that at the end of FY2015, about one-third of the southern border, or 654 miles, had a primary layer of fencing: approximately 350 miles designed to keep out pedestrians, and 300 miles to prevent vehicles from entering. Approximately 90% of the 654 miles of Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11040 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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