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handle is hein.crs/govefnk0001 and id is 1 raw text is: SCongressional
aResearch Service
informing the legisIative debate since 1914 __________

Russian Military Actions at Ukraine's Nuclear
Power Plants
Updated March 31, 2022
Russian military forces have seized two of Ukraine's nuclear power plants as part of the invasion that
began on February 24, 2022. The four-unit Chernobyl nuclear plant, whose last operating reactor
permanently closed in 2000, was occupied on the first day of the invasion. Russian forces then attacked
and captured the Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant, with six operational reactors, on March 4, 2022. Shelling
caused damage and loss of power to the building housing the Kharkiv subcritical research reactor, which
was shut down. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has assessed that the physical integrity
of facilities, the ability of operational staff to work without undue pressure, and the access to off-site
power ... have been seriously compromised. Congress may wish to consider what actions the U.S.
government could take to support international efforts to secure the safety and security of nuclear
facilities in Ukraine.
Nuclear Power Plants Operating in Ukraine
Ukraine has four operating nuclear power plant sites with a total of 15 reactors, which in recent years
have provided about half of Ukraine's total electricity generation. All the operating Ukrainian reactors are
light water reactors (cooled by ordinary water), using designs developed in the Soviet Union similar in
concept to most of the world's commercial power reactors. Ukraine's operating nuclear plants are located
throughout the country, as shown by the following IAEA map:
Congressional Research Service
https://crsreports.congress.gov
IN11883

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