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1 1 (March 15, 2022)

handle is hein.crs/govefko0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional a Research Service Ukraine: New U.S. Deployments to Europe Might Raise War Powers Resolution Questions March 15, 2022 In response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, and in coordination with NATO allies, President Biden has announced the deployment of U.S. armed forces to Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Greece, and the Czech Republic, as well as Germany, to defend the eastern flank of NATO. These deployments might raise questions about the role of Congress under the War Powers Resolution (WPR) concerning the use of U.S. armed forces in connection with the Ukraine conflict. Presidential Reporting of Deployments Under the War Powers Resolution Congress enacted the WPR to create congressional-executive procedure, triggered by presidential consultation with and notification to Congress, for decisions to use U.S. armed forces. Pursuant to Section 4, the President must notify the Speaker of the House and the President pro tempore of the Senate within 48 hours after introducing U.S. armed forces (1) into active or imminent hostilities, (2) into a foreign nation while equipped for combat (except when solely for supply, repair, or training), or (3) in numbers that substantially enlarge combat-equipped, foreign-deployed U.S. armed forces. The notification must describe the circumstances necessitating the deployment, its estimated scope and duration, and the constitutional and legislative authority for the decision. Notifications are usually made publicly available, but they can be provided in partially or entirely classified form. The President is required to provide such other information as the Congress may request in connection with a notification, and must report to Congress on continuing deployment at least once every six months. The Biden Administration has announced deployments of approximately 15,000 U.S. troops to and within Europe in response to Russia's invasion. The President has not made any publicly available notifications pursuant to Section 4 regarding these deployments. While some of the new deployments have a supply or training element, they might not be solely for that purpose, as they are intended for NATO defense. Congress may consider whether these new deployments substantially enlarge existing deployments. For examples, U.S. troop presence in Poland has reportedly increased from about 4,000 to 8,700 or more, and U.S. deployment to Romania increased from about 900 to 1,900 or more. At least 7,000 additional U.S. troops have deployed to Germany, and might have redeployed elsewhere in Europe. In addition, no Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11890 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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