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1 1 (February 7, 2022)

handle is hein.crs/govefgc0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional .Research Service ~ ~~ i~nforming the legisI five d bate since 1914___________________ Russian Military Buildup Along the Ukrainian Border Updated February 7, 2022 Since mid-October 2021, social media and news outlets have reported significant movement by Russian military forces, with limited Russian transparency, on or near the Ukrainian border and within Ukraine's occupied Crimea region. These movements, which follow a similar but less expansive military buildup in March-April 2021 and Russia's Zapad military exercises in September 2021, have come amid increasingly aggressive rhetoric reported from Russian policymakers about the so-called encroachment of NATO near Russia's borders and the geopolitical status of Ukraine. This rhetoric has continued despite new bilateral negotiations between the United States and Russia, as well as joint meetings with NATO and within the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), in January 2022. On February 6, U.S. National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan warned, Any day now, Russia could take military action against Ukraine, and said, We believe that the Russians have put in place the capabilities to mount a significant military operation into Ukraine. Many observers and policymakers, including some in Congress, have expressed concerns about a possible new Russian invasion of Ukraine or other aggressive actions. Recent Developments U.S. and allied leaders have publicly voiced their concerns about Russia's military buildup in recent weeks. On January 14, 2022, Ukraine was hit by a cyberattack that many observers attributed to Russia. The same day, the Biden Administration accused Russia of sending saboteurs to Ukraine to have the option of fabricating a pretext for invasion. U.S. officials told Reuters in late January 2022 that Russia had moved blood supplies and other medical support to the Ukrainian border, a concerning sign that Moscow was potentially preparing for casualties. During a January 28 press conference, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff General Mark Milley stated, The Russian Federation has amassed upwards, at this time, of over 100,000 ground forces, air forces, naval forces, special forces, cyber, electronic warfare, command and control, logistics, engineers and other capabilities along the Ukraine border. On February 5, U.S. officials told media outlets that Russia had 70% of the forces it would need to conduct a full-scale invasion, with 83 Battalion Tactical Groups (BTGs) deployed and 14 more in transit to the region. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11806 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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