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1 1 (January 14, 2022)

handle is hein.crs/govefde0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Con gressional FY2022 NDAA: Overseas Contingency Operations January 14, 2022 Following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, Congress provided funding designated for emergency requirements and later for Overseas Contingency Operations/Global War on Terrorism (OCO/GWOT) to support U.S. military operations in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, and other countries, in addition to other activities. When statutory spending limits were enacted as part of the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25), the law specified OCO/GWOT funding would be exempt from the limits. Some observers argued OCO funding allowed for flexible response to contingencies, and provided a safety valve to the spending caps. Others described OCO as a loophole-evolving from an account for replacing combat losses of equipment, resupplying expended munitions, and transporting troops through war zones, to a slush fund for activities unrelated to contingency operations (e.g., planned or regularly occurring costs to man, train, and equip the military force typically requested in the base budget of the Department of Defense). The BCA discretionary spending limits expired in FY2021. The FY2022 President's budget request was the first in a decade not subject to the BCA caps. The budget proposed discontinuing requests for Overseas Contingency Operations as a separate funding category, instead funding direct war costs and enduring operations in the DOD base budget. DOD budget documentation released in May 2021 requested $42.1 billion for activities described as contingency operations (without the budgetary designation), including funding for the planned drawdown of U.S. forces in Afghanistan and other military activities abroad, as well as activities in the continental United States. Of that amount, $14.3 billion was for direct war requirements (i.e., combat or combat support costs not expected to continue after combat operations end at major contingency locations), including $8.9 billion for Operation Freedom's Sentinel in Afghanistan and $5.4 billion for Operation Inherent Resolve in Iraq and Syria. The remainder of contingency operations funding, $27.8 billion, was requested for enduring requirements (i.e., costs for activities in theater and the continental United States expected to remain after combat operations end). The House-passed version of the NDAA (H.R. 4350) and the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC)- reported version of the bill (S. 2792) would have not authorized OCO funding. While neither version included OCO funding, language in the legislation and accompanying documentation called for continued transparency and DOD accountability in war spending. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11839 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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