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1 1 (August 25, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/goveeks0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Congressional SResearch Service Afghanistan Evacuation: The Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) and the Defense Production Act (DPA) August 25, 2021 Created in 1951, the Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) operates under the Defense Production Act's (DPA) Title I allocations authority and is available to respond to national defense needs or other contingencies. CRAF is a cooperative emergency airlift program involving U.S. civil air carriers, DOD, and the Department of Transportation (DOT). On August 22, 2021, Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin III ordered the Department of Defense's (DOD) United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) to activate the CRAF. For more information on the Afghanistan withdrawal, see CRS Insight IN11730, Afghan Aerial Evacuation in Context, CRS Report R46879, U.S. Military Withdrawal and Taliban Takeover in Afghanistan: Frequently Asked Questions, and CRS Insight IN 11726, The Afghanistan Withdrawal: Military and Defense Implications; on the DPA, see CRS Report R43767, The Defense Production Act of 1950: History, Authorities, and Considerations for Congress. Background on the CRAF After the 1948-1949 Berlin Airlift, wherein U.S. and U.K. forces, plus civilian air carriers, resupplied Allied-held West Berlin during a Soviet land blockade, President Harry Truman used DPA authorities to create a federal emergency airlift capability. In December 1951, DOD and the Commerce Department established the CRAF by joint agreement; DOT took over primary management of the program in 1967. CRAF provides additional emergency airlift capability to DOD, and the federal government as a whole, during contingencies where DOD cannot meet airlift requirements. The CRAF is authorized under the allocations authority in Title I of the DPA, which relates to the presidential authority to control the distribution of goods, services, and materials in promotion of the national defense when the Title I prioritization authority is insufficient to the needs of the emergency. Under CRAF, participating U.S. civil air carriers (i.e., commercial air passenger and cargo companies) enter into a contractual relationship with TRANSCOM and receive certain preferences in providing commercial cargo and passenger services for DOD. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11731 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress

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