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1 1 (March 25, 2021)

handle is hein.crs/govecus0001 and id is 1 raw text is: nsCongressional * Research Service Mexico: Challenges for U.S. Policymakers in 2021 Updated March 25, 2021 Mexico, atop U.S. trade partner and neighbor, could play a key role in addressing several challenges facing U.S. policymakers in 2021. During a virtual meeting on March 1, President Andres Manuel L6pez Obrador and President Biden committed to collaborate on bilateral and regional migration issues and on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) response and recovery, while reaffirming the importance of security cooperation. High-level officials from both countries held migration talks on March 23 focused on addressing root causes of migration and determining steps Mexico could take to interdict some U.S. - bound migrant flows. President Biden also is asking Mexico to accept migrant families expelled under current pandemic-related restrictions on asylum processing. Migration The Trump Administration's approach to Mexico de-emphasized human rights and corruption concerns in favor of a narrow focus on migration control. Under the threat of U.S. tariffs, the L6pez Obrador administration accommodated U.S. border and asylum policy changes that shifted the burden of interdicting migrants and hosting asylum seekers from the United States to Mexico. Many human rights advocates expressed serious concerns about U.S. policies, however, and Mexico had limited resources for deterring and hosting primarily Central American migrants. President Biden has announced executive actions on immigration, many of which revise restrictive policies implemented by the Trump Administration. President Biden also proposed a comprehensive immigration reform bill, introduced as the U.S. Citizenship Act (S. 348/H.R. 1177). As the top country of origin for unauthorized immigrants in the United States, Mexico-which received $40 billion in remittances in 2020, could benefit from pathways to legal status included in that and other bills. The Biden Administration has asked Mexico for assistance with securing its borders, as a surge in migrants from Central America is overwhelming U.S. agencies' processing capacity at the Southwest Border. Until pandemic-related restrictions, Mexico has received non-Mexican adults expelled by U.S. officials. Mexico has not accepted non-Mexican unaccompanied children and families at some ports of entry due to a reform of its immigration law that took effect in January. The reform bars Mexico from detaining children, accompanied or unaccompanied, in immigration detention facilities, requiring them instead to go to children's shelters. Amid a deep recession and budget austerity, Mexico has limited capacity to Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov IN11635 CRS INSIGHT Prepared for Membersand Committeesof Congress

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