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1 1 (December 22, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/goveavb0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Defense Primer: The Military Departments Departments within a Department There are three military departments within the Department of Defense (DOD): Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, and Department of the Air Force. A military department provides and embodies traditional civilian control of the military. The authority, function, and organization of each military department are established in Title 10 of the United States Code. Since 1947, the military departments have fallen under the Secretary of Defense's authority, direction, and control. According to the Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-433), combatant commands are responsible for military operations, whereas military departments are responsible for personnel, training, services, supply, and procurement. Military Departments Under the leadership of its Secretary, each military department provides conventional, strategic, and special operations forces to conduct military operations within a combatant command. A military department consists of an executive headquarters and various agencies, installations, or field headquarters. Within the executive headquarters, the number of people authorized to serve in the Office of the Secretary is specified in law and varies among the military departments. Table 1 includes the total number of military officers and civilian personnel authorized for each military department, and the number of military officers authorized within the total. All civilians and servicemembers under the control or supervision of a service Secretary make up the personnel within a military department. Table 1. Office of the Secretary Personnel Limitations Number Authorized for Permanent Duty ARMY NAVY AIR FORCE Total Officer Total Officer Total Officer 3,250 1,900 3,150 1,800 2,750 1,650 Source: 10 U.S.C. §§7014, 8014, 9014 (December 2020). Note: Personnel limitations are not applied in time of war. Department of the Army The executive headquarters of the Department of the Army consists of the Office of the Secretary of the Army and the Army Staff (see Figure 1). The Secretary's general powers and duties are set forth in 10 U.S.C. §7013. The Department of the Army includes land, aviation, and cyberspace forces of the Army, which is the principal land armed force. The Army or Armies referred to in the Constitution of the United States consist of the Regular Army, Army Reserve, and Army National Guard of the United States. Updated December 22, 2020 Department of the Navy The executive headquarters of the Department of the Navy consists of the Office of the Secretary of the Navy, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, and Headquarters Marine Corps (see Figure 1). The Secretary's general powers and duties are set forth in 10 U.S.C. §8013. The Department of the Navy includes naval, land, air, and cyberspace forces of the Navy and Marine Corps, which are the principal maritime armed forces. The Navy consists of the Regular Navy, Fleet Reserve, and Navy Reserve. The Marine Corps consists of the Regular Marine Corps, Fleet Marine Corps Reserve, and Marine Corps Reserve. Department of the Air Force The executive headquarters of the Department of the Air Force consists of the Office of the Secretary of the Air Force, Air Staff, and Office of the Chief of Space Operations (see Figure 1). The Secretary's general powers and duties are set forth in 10 U.S.C. §9013. The Department of the Air Force includes air, space, and cyberspace forces of the Air Force and Space Force, which are the principal air and space armed forces. The Air Force consists of the Regular Air Force, Air Force Reserve, and Air National Guard of the United States. The United States Space Force consists of the Regular Space Force. Figure I. Military Department Structure Source: CRS analysis based in Title 10 U.S. Code ittps://crsreports.congress.gc

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