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1 1 (July 06, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/govdatk0001 and id is 1 raw text is: Researh Sevice U.S. District Court Vacancies at the End of a President's Fourth Calendar Year in Office July 6, 2020 This Insight provides, from the Reagan presidency to the Obama presidency, comparative historical data related to U S. district court vacancies and norninations that existed at the end of a President's fourth calendar year in office. Specifically, the data provided reflect district court vacancies that existed on January 1 after a President's fourth calendar year in office (as well as any nominations for these same vac anc ies that w ere returned by the Senate at or near the end of a President's fourth year in office). The specific dates for which vacancies are reported include January 1, 1985 (for the end of President Reagan's fourth calendar year in office); January 1, 1993 (George It NM Bush presidency); January 1, 1997 (Clinton presidency); January 1, 2005 (George W. Bush presidency); and January 1, 2013 (Obama presidency). The data discussed in the text below do not include vacancies that were created as the result of new district court judgeships authorized by Congress (and that, after being created, were never filled by a nominee prior to January 1 after a President's fourth year in office). First, this type of vacancy was relatively rare in recent decades and not common during the three most recent presidencies included in the analysis-for example, there were two such vacancies on January 1 following the fourth calendar years of the Clinton presidency and one on January 1 following each of President George W. Bush's and Obama's fourth year in office. Additionally, legislation creating new judgeships has, on at least one occasion, specified that some vacancies as a result of new judgeships could not be filled until after the beginning of a new presidential term (see, for example, §202(c) of P.L. 98-353 that applied to new judgeships created in July of 1984 during the first term of the Reagan presidency). While vacancies that existed as a result of newly authorized judgeships are not included in the statistics discussed in the text below, both Figures 1 and 2 list the number of such vacancies that existed on January 1 after a President's fourth calendar year in office. Additionally, the number of district court judgeships authorized by Congress during this period ranged from 571 to 673-consequently, the numbers reported below do not reflect the percentage of vacant judgeships. Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov INI 1449 CRS MN GHT Prepa red M. Membersand Co m : rn te $ o Cong rc : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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