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1 1 (May 28, 2020)

handle is hein.crs/govdasx0001 and id is 1 raw text is: FF.ri E.$~ & Updated May 28, 2020 Army Corps of Engineers: FY2021 Appropriations Congress generally funds the civil works activities of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in annual Energy and Water Development appropriations acts. These activities include the planning and construction of authorized water resource projects and the operation and maintenance of infrastructure and navigation improvements managed by USACE (e.g., navigation channels). For USACE civil works, President Trump requested $5.97 billion for FY2021. As shown in Figure 1, Congress typically funds USACE above the President's request. At times, Congress also provides USACE with supplemental appropriations, typically for flood response and recovery (see CRS In Focus IF 1435, Supplemental Appropriations for Army Corps Flood Response and Recovery). Figure I. Annual USACE Funding, FY2007-FY202 I (nominal $, in billions) S Annual Appropriation s Budget Request 58.0 , 0 :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.. $4.0 \\,- , , ,'IIIII Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS). Unlike many of the federal agencies that support infrastructure investments by distributing federal funds to nonfederal entities by formula or through competitive grant programs, USACE directly commits funds for project planning and construction. It uses most of its appropriations for work on specific studies and projects authorized by Congress. These activities are often cost shared with nonfederal project sponsors or users. The President's FY202 1 budget request prioritizes maintaining the performance of existing infrastructure, as reflected by the share of funds requested for operations and maintenance (i.e., the O&M account; see Figure 2), and completing ongoing construction projects (i.e., the Construction account). The request would initiate no new studies or construction projects (referred to as new starts). In response to budget requests with no new starts in recent years, Congress has required US ACE to start a specified number of new construction projects and new studies. For example, in FY2U2U, Congress appropriated funds for six new construction projects and six new studies. The FY2021 request also seeks to limit funding to ongoing navigation and flood risk reduction construction projects with benefit- cost ratios (BCRs) greater than 2.5 to 1 (i.e., benefits are at least two and a half times project costs) or to projects that address safety concerns. Figure 2. USACE Account Funding, FY2016-FY2020 and FY2021 Request (nominal $, in billions) Source: CRS. Notes: Req = Budget request. ASA = Assistant Secretary of the Army. Regulatory = Regulatory Program. FUSRAP = Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program. FY2021 request renews a proposal to transfer FUSRAP to the Department of Energy. FY2021 request renews a proposal to fund certain expenses directly from two navigation trust funds; the figure shows funding for FY2021 based on funding from traditional USACE accounts. Since the 112th Congress, moratorium policies have limited congressionally directed funding of site-specific projects (i.e., earmarks). Prior to the 112th Congress, Congress would direct funds to specific projects not in the budget request or increase funds for certain projects. Each year since FY20 11, Congress has appropriated additional funding for categories of USACE work without identifying specific projects. For example, in FY2020, Congress provided $2.53 billion in additional funding for 26 categories of USACE activities (e.g., construction of flood and storm damage reduction). After congressional enactment of the appropriations legislation and accompanying report language on priorities and other guidance for use of the additional funding, the Administration develops a workplan that reports on (1) the selected new start studies and construction projects and (2) the specific projects receiving additional funds. KS Ek e~se s & A - x R~ood, cntr.O an~d Cudstd Emergencies FUSPAP Misshpi R~vef & Tzib,_ta ;es SS onstcthr~c XOMMINO Wlffiffiffi ........ ......... 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