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SBA EIDL and Emergency EIDL Grants for

COVID-19



Updated April 30, 2020
Congress increased eligibility for certain businesses and organizations for Small Business Administration
(SBA) economic injury disaster loans (EIDL) and established an Emergency EIDL Grant program under
the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136) to provide short-
tennm cconomic relief to corain small businesses and nonprofits affected by COVID-1 9. This Insight
provides a brief overview of EIDL, including eligibility and loan terms. It also provides an overview of
Emergency EIDL Grants, and describes how EIDL can be used in conjunction with Paycheck Proteclion
Prograin (PPP) ioans. EIDL eligibility and loan terms under the CARES Act differ from EIDL provided
for other disasters. For non-coronavirus EIDL information, see SBA Disaster Loarl Progrml: Frequently
Asked Qucstions.


EIDL Overview

EIDLs provide up to $2 million, with a loan term of up to 30 years, which can be used to pay for expenses
that could have been met had the disaster not occurred, including working capital needs such as fixed debt
and payroll and other operating expenses. COVID-19-related EIDLs have an interest rate of 3.75% for
businesses and 2.75% for nonprofits and have an automatic one-year deferment on repayment (the first
payment is not due for one full year, although interest does accrue). Due to high demand, the SBA is
limiting COVID-19-related EIDLs to $15,000 and, as discussed below, the SBA is limiting Emergency
EIDL grants to $1,000 per employee, up to the statutory cap of $10,000.


EIDL Eligibility

Under the CARES Act, COVID-19-related EIDL eligibility has been expanded, through December 31,
2020, to include businesses with 500 or fewer employees; sole proprietorships (with or without
employees); independent contractors; cooperatives; employee-owned businesses; tribal businesses; and
agricultural enterprises with 500 or fewer employees. EIDL eligibility also includes small agricultural
cooperatives, small aquaculture businesses, and nurseries deriving more than 50% of their annual receipts
from the production of nursery or other agricultural products.


                                                                 Congressional Research Service
                                                                 https://crsreports.congress.gov
                                                                                      IN11370

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