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1 1 (March 5, 2014)

handle is hein.crs/govccuy0001 and id is 1 raw text is: The Tax Reform Act of 2014 March 5, 2014 Bche rond eb r,204 o Changes Context. On February 26, 2014, House Committee on Ways and Means Chairman Dave Camp introduced the Tax Reform Act of 2014 as a discussion draft. This comprehensive draft builds on earlier discussion drafts released by Chairman Camp, which had addressed international tax, financial products, and small business. Individual Income Tax. Under the proposal, there would be two regular income tax brackets, with rates of 10% and 25%. A third bracket would apply to an alternative definition of income, making for a top statutory rate of 35%. The 35% bracket results from a 10% tax on modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) above certain income thresholds ($400,000 for single filers; $450,000 for joint filers). The 10% bracket is phased-out for certain higher- income taxpayers. Brackets would be adjusted for inflation using chained-CPI. Dividends and capital gains would be taxed as ordinary income, but 40% of net capital gains and qualified dividends would be excluded from taxable income. The proposal would also repeal the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT). Other substantial changes to the structure of the individual income tax system include an elimination of personal exemptions and an increase in the standard deduction. The standard deduction would be set at $22,000 for joint filers, and $11,000 for other individual filers. An additional standard deduction of $5,500 would be available for single filers with at least one child. The standard deduction would be phased-out for certain higher-income taxpayers. A number of tax preferences, including standard and itemized deductions (except charitable contributions), could only be taken against the 25% bracket. The Tax Reform Act of 2014 would reduce average and effective marginal tax rates for most individual taxpayers. The proposal would also modify or eliminate a number of individual income tax credits, deductions, and other provisions. Major changes include eliminating the deduction for state and local tax payments; scaling back the mortgage interest deduction and earned income tax credit (EITC); modifying the charitable deduction and education incentives; and making changes in 401(k) and Roth IRA retirement savings vehicles. Corporate and Business Income Tax. All C corporations would be taxed at a top statutory rate of 25% under the proposal, with the statutory rate reduction phased in through 2019. Other business income, including income earned by S corporations, partnerships, and sole proprietorships, would be taxed through the individual income tax system. The 35% bracket in the individual system would not apply to qualified domestic manufacturing income. Similar to the individual system, the proposal would modify or eliminate a number of corporate and business income tax credits, deductions, and other provisions. Among the changes are elimination of the modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS); amortization of research and experimental expenditures and advertising expenses; modification of the net operating loss (NOL) deduction; phased-out repeal of the Section 199 domestic production activities deduction; and repeal of the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method of inventory accounting. The corporate AMT is also repealed. Taxation of Multinationals. The proposal would make significant changes to the tax treatment of foreign-source income earned by U.S. multinational corporations. Specifically, the proposal would adopt a 95% exemption for dividends received by U.S. corporations from foreign subsidiaries. Subpart F rules would be modified, providing broad taxation of intangible income of foreign subsidiaries when earned, with foreign intangible income subject to a 15% rate (once fully phased in). The proposal also includes thin capitalization rules that restrict domestic interest deductions. There would also be a one-time tax on previously untaxed earnings and profits (E&P) of foreign subsidiaries of U.S. corporations. E&P retained as cash would be taxed at 8.75%, while any remaining E&P would be taxed at 3.5%. Other Changes. Numerous changes were also proposed with respect to tax-exempt entities, administration and compliance, and excise taxes. Among the proposed changes is an excise tax on systemically important financial institutions and repeal of the medical device tax. The Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) has estimated that the Tax Reform Act of 2014 would increase federal revenues by $3.0 billion over the 2014 to 2023 budget window (see Table 1). Overall, revenues collected from individuals would be expected to decrease by about $588.4 billion between 2014 and 2023 (including AMT repeal). Revenues collected from businesses, including multinationals, would be expected to increase by $520.5 billion over the same time frame. The new tax on financial institutions would also raise additional revenues. Revenue Stability. While the JCT estimates indicate the proposal would be roughly revenue-neutral over the 10-year budget window, the proposal could result in reduced tax revenues in the longer-term. Some of the major revenue- raising provisions are one-time sources, including the tax on deferred foreign income and the changes in rules related .O 'T p\w -- , gnom goo mppm qq\ a , q 's I 11LIANJILiN,

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