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A Second Amendment Right to Sell Firearms?

The Ninth Circuit, Sitting En Banc, Weighs In.



Sarah Herman Peck
Legislative Attorney


November 2, 2017

On October 10, 2017, in a 9-2 ruling, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Ninth Circuit)
sitting en banc reversed a decision by a three-judge Ninth Circuit panel that held that the Second
Amendment protects the commercial sale of firearms. The case, Teixeira v. County of Alameda, involves
a Second Amendment challenge to a zoning regulation applicable to firearms stores in Alameda County,
California. Teixeira provides Congress with the most substantive guidance on the Second Amendment's
applicability to the commercial sale of arms since the Supreme Court commented in District of Columbia
v. Heller that nothing in our opinion should be taken to cast doubt on longstanding prohibitions on...
laws imposing conditions and qualifications on the commercial sale of firearms, among other
presumptively lawful regulations. The en banc ruling coincidentally was handed down as Congress is
poised to consider legislation designed to limit the manufacture, sale, and possession of bump stock
devices, a firearm accessory that allows a semi-automatic firearm to mimic the firing rate of a fully
automatic machine gun.

At issue in Teixeira is an ordinance in Alameda County requiring businesses seeking to sell firearms to
obtain a permit. A permit cannot be granted if, as relevant here, the planned firearms store will be within
500 feet of a residentially zoned district. The partners behind Valley Guns & Ammo sought a permit to
open a retail store in the County, but local authorities denied the permit request because the proposed
store site fell within 500 feet of a residential property. The partners, joined by several institutional
plaintiffs, then challenged the zoning ordinance on Second Amendment grounds, among other things. The
district court dismissed the complaint for failing to state a claim for relief.

On appeal, a three-judge panel of the Ninth Circuit-over one judge's dissent-reversed, concluding that
the partners' Second Amendment claim must be allowed to proceed. That ruling is discussed in detail in
an earlier Sidebar. In short, the Ninth Circuit panel reviewed the zoning ordinance under intermediate
scrutiny and concluded that the ordinance did not pass muster under that standard. In particular, the panel
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