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1 Political History of Palestine under British Administration 1 (1947)

handle is hein.cow/phipalb0001 and id is 1 raw text is: The Political History of Palestine under British Administration Establishment of British Administration. 1. The territory now known as Palestine formed part of the Ottoman Empire until it was occupied, in 1917-18,. by British forces under the command of General Allenby. A military administration, under the title of Occupied Enemy Territory Administration, was established with headquarters in Jerusalem at the end of 1917. 2. It was decided at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 that the mandates system, outlined in Article 22 of the Covenant of the League of Nations, should be applied to the non-Turkish portions of the Ottoman Empire. The Mandate for Palestine was assigned to the United Kingdom by the Supreme Council of the Allied Powers at San Remo on the 25th April, 1920. Shortly afterwards, on the Ist July, 1920, the military regime was replaced by a civil administration under a High Commissioner. The northern frontier of Palestine was determined in, accordance with an Anglo-French Convention of the 23rd December, 1920, and its eastern frontier by virtue of the recognition, in 1923, of the existence of an independent Government in Trans-Jordan. The Mandate. 3. The terms of the draft Mandate for Palestine were approved by the Council of the League of Nations on the 24th July, 1922. .At that time peace had not been concluded between the Allied Powers and Turkey. It was not until the 29th September, 1923, after the Treaty of Lausanne had entered into force, that the Council of the League was able formally to give effect to the Palestine Mandate. 4. The principal obligations of the mandatory Power are defined in Article 2 of the Mandate, which reads as follows:- The Mandatory shall be responsible for placing the country under such political, administrative and economic conditions as will secure the establishment of the Jewish national home, as laid down in the preamble, and the development of self-governing institu- tions, and also for safeguarding the civil and religious rights of all the inhabitants of Pales- tine, irrespective of race and religion. This Article appears to give equal weight to three obligations: (i) the creation of conditions which would secure the establishment of the Jewish national home; (ii) the creation of conditions which would secure the development of self- governing institutions; and (iii) the safeguarding of the civil and religious rights of all the inhabitants. Reproduction by Permmission of the Buffalo & Erie County Public Library Buffalo, NY

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