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670 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 6 (2017)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0670 and id is 1 raw text is: Introducing
Regulatory
Intermediaries
By
KENNETH W. ABBOTT,
DAVID LEVI-FAUR,
and
DUNCAN SNIDAL

Regulation is frequently viewed as a two-
party relationship between a regulator (R)
and the targets of its regulation (T). This vol-
ume conceives of regulation as a three-party
system, in which intermediaries (I) provide
assistance to regulators and/or targets, drawing
on their own capabilities, authority, and legiti-
macy. Our framework article for the volume,
Theorizing Regulatory Intermediaries: The
RIT Model, sets out a general theoretical
model for analyzing the roles and implications
of regulatory intermediaries in diverse settings.
Examples of this three-party RIT model of
regulation abound. The U.S. Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) supplements its own
inspectors by engaging private auditors to moni-
tor food imports, and empowers other private
bodies to accredit auditors (Lytton, this volume).
Private transnational regulatory schemes such as
the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and
Fairtrade International (FLO) also rely on inde-
pendent auditors and accreditors (Auld and
Renckens, this volume; Loconto, this volume).
Kenneth W Abbott is Jack E. Brown Professor of Law,
professor of global studies, and senior sustainability
scholar at Arizona State University. His research
focuses on the interdisciplinary study of international
institutions, international law, and international rela-
tions.
David Levi-Faur is the head of the Federmann School
of Public Policy and Government and a member of the
Department of Political Science at the Hebrew
University of Jerusalem. He is a founding editor of
Regulation & Governance. He is currently working on
the interaction between regulation and welfare state
governance.
Duncan Snidal is a professorial fellow of international
relations at Nuffield College, University of Oxford. He
is afounding editor of International Theory and studies
the role of formal and informal institutions in promot-
ing international cooperation.
Correspondence: ken.abbott@asu.edu
DOI: 10.1177/0002716217695519

ANNALS, AAPSS, 670, March 2017

6

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