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669 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 6 (2017)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0669 and id is 1 raw text is: Introduction: History and Motivation By SANDRA L. HOFFERTH, EMILIO F. MORAN, BARBARA ENTWISLE, J. LAWRENCE ABER, HENRY E. BRADY, DALTON CONLEY, SUSAN L. CUTTER, CATHERINE C. ECKEL, DARRICK HAMILTON, and KLAUS HUBACEK Big data, that is, data that are byproducts of our lives rather than designed for research purposes, are the newest of the information highway innovations. One of the important challenges to social and behavioral sci- ence data collection, curation, and dissemination for the foreseeable future is to link diverse forms of data in a way that is cumulative, representative, meaningful, and accessible to a broad range of researchers. It is critical to explore the new questions these data can address and to develop new methods to address them, including linking persons and information about them and their environments across different data platforms while maintaining confidentiality and privacy. Linking a broad array of information-from administrative data (local and state and regional), to social media (Twitter, Facebook), to census and other surveys, to ethno- graphic data, and data from experiments such as rand- omized controlled trials-to address how humans and their communities make decisions is challenging. This issue was addressed by papers presented at a confer- ence on New Data Linkages convened by the Social Observatories Coordinating Network in 2016; those articles are brought together in this volume. Keywords: big data; social science; systems science; data analytics; knowledge generation; sur- vey research; administrative data he nation and the world are changing rap- idly, yet scholars attempt to understand such changes with tools and infrastructure that Sandra L. Hofferth is a professor emerita, School of Public Health, and a research professor, Maryland Population Research Center, University of Maryland. Her research focuses on Americans' use of time; economic disadvantage, parental behavior, and child health and development; fathers and fathering; and immigrant youths transition to adulthood. Emilio E Moran is Hannah Distinguished Professor at Michigan State University. He is the author of eleven books, fifteen edited volumes, and more than 200 journal articles and book chapters. His research addresses how humans interact with the environment. He was elected to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 2010. Correspondence: hofferth@umd.edu DOI: 10.1177/0002716216682715 ANNALS, AAPSS, 669, January 2017 6

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