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617 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 6 (2008)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0617 and id is 1 raw text is: FOREWORD Historical Remembrance in the Twenty-First Century By JAY WINTER The role of remembrance in public life has expanded radically over the past century. In part this is due to the democratization of war- fare. Before 1914, the vast majority of those who served, were injured, or died in war were volun- teers or mercenaries. After 1914, conscript armies fought wars and left bereaved parents, widows, and orphans behind in numbers that were never before registered. Inevitably, this meant that the history of warfare and family his- tory came to be bound together. War memorials proliferated in villages and towns throughout Europe and beyond, largely to preserve the names of the fallen. The overwhelming majority of these sites list names alphabetically and not by rank. Maya Lin's Vietnam Veterans' Memorial in Washington, D. C., consciously designed to fol- low the First World War model, does it another way, by recording the names of the dead by the date they died. The result is the same: the sixty thousand American dead of the Vietnam War are symbolically interred in the Mall in Washington, and every name counts; every name is equal to every other name. Naming is the way democracies have hon- ored war dead since 1914. Australian memori- als since the First World War have named those who served as well as those who died. But since enlistment was voluntary in the Great War, this kind of naming was intended to shame those passersby who had not enlisted (Inglis 1998). After the Second World War, the business of naming the victims of war became much more difficult. In part this was a problem of scale. In Jay Winter, Charles J. Stille Professor of History, joined the Yale faculty in 2001. From 1979 to 2001, he was reader in modern history and fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge University. He holds PhD and DLitt degrees from Cambridge. He is a historian of the First World War and is the author of Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning: The Great War in European Cultural History (Cambridge University Press, 1995). DOI: 10.1177/0002716207312761 ANNALS, AAPSS, 617, May 2008 6

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