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599 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 6 (2005)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0599 and id is 1 raw text is: PREFACE Better Evaluation for Evidence- Based Policy: Place Randomized Trials in Education, Criminology, Welfare, and Health By ROBERT BORUCH Phrases such as evidence-based policy are seductive and are used promiscuously in some quarters. Here, we take the phrase and its intent seriously, as others have. In the international sector, for instance, the Campbell Collaboration was created to generate systematic reviews of dependable evidence on the effects of policies, programs, and practices. This is in the arenas of crime and justice, education, and social services. The Cochrane Collaboration, Campbell's older sibling, was created to achieve a similar aim in health care. Their reviews of evidence are intended to assist people in making decisions. Executing the Campbell Collaboration's and the Cochrane Collaboration's mission requires specifying what high-quality evidence is. The Campbell Collaboration's focus is similar to that of the Cochrane Collaboration. It is on random- ized controlled trials that are designed to evalu- ate the relative effects of different interventions. See http://www.campbellcollaboration.org and http://www.cochrane.org. One important and emerging vehicle for gen- erating dependable evidence falls under the rubric of place randomized trials. In fact, one activity that led to this Annals volume was a U.S. trial in which entire housing developments were randomly assigned to the Jobs Plus program or to control conditions to generate high quality of evidence on the program's effect on wage rates, employment, and other outcomes. The Rockefeller Foundation and other organizations contributed resources for this trial. More perti- nent here, the Rockefeller Foundation also pro- Robert Boruch is University Trustee Chair Professor at the University of Pennsylvania. NOTE: Research and development work on this topic has been supported by the Rockefeller Foundation and was organized under the auspices of the Campbell Col- laboration. Dorothy de Moya, executive officer of the Collaboration, organized the Bellagio meetings and assisted in the organization of the New York meetings on this topic. DOI: 10.1177/0002716205275610 ANNALS, AAPSS, 599, May 2005 6

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