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424 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. vii (1976)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0424 and id is 1 raw text is: PRE FACE The May 1961 issue of THE ANNALS was devoted to The Rising Demand for International Education. A number of authors prepared articles on various phases of the exchange of persons. Though as the special editor of that issue said, Appropriations for this program are only a pittance as compared with those for military and economic aid, that was a time of hope and expectations for the acceptance and support of these activities. There were many encouraging and ambitious plans for programs in the field of international education, and there were even exchange programs developing with the U.S.S.R. and Eastern Europe. But during the intervening years these hopes have not been realized. It is true that the number of students and leaders coming to this country and Americans in similar categories going abroad has increased greatly, as the article by Wallace B. Edgerton states, but the programs are still pitifully underfinanced when their potential for academic ad- vancement, economic development, and better understanding are recog- nized. As Senator Fulbright states in his contribution to this issue: We simply can no longer afford to consider this basic human dimension as a low priority add-on to the serious content of our international relations. The Department of State's well-administered programs in this field are currently grossly underfunded at levels approximately only equivalent to that of 1967. Whereas we readily spend billions for the military and hundreds of millions for propaganda abroad, it is incredibly difficult to get the administration and the Congress to invest the few score millions necessary to sustain this activity most important to the future of this country and to the peace of the world. When one reflects on the accomplishments, it is indeed disturbing that lack of funding remains such an impediment to the future potential of these programs. In spite of the lack of adequate support there have been encouraging developments. Experience has made it possible to improve the planning, the administration, and the evaluation of these international activities as several of the articles indicate. THE UN AND THE SPECIALIZED AGENCIES One important development during the last 15 years has taken place in the United Nations and its specialized agencies. The numbers of individuals participating in these programs has increased dramatically until they play a major role in the work of the United Nations system. As William D. Carter indicates in his article, recent notable develop- ments in these activities have been the establishment of regional and national training institutes, the research that has gone into determining program content and methodology, the greater emphasis on evaluation, and the coordination of the various programs within individual countries. While the United Nations, as in the case of UNESCO with its Zionist resolution, may become bogged down in political wrangling and power blocks, the basic work of the specialized agencies for the most part goes on. As one who studied in Paris and Geneva and attended vii

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