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166 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. ix (1933)

handle is hein.cow/anamacp0166 and id is 1 raw text is: FOREWORD
LAST May there died in the prime of life Albert Thomas, Director of the
Permanent Office of the International Labor Organization since its inception.
He was more than the Director of the Office. His initiative, his abilities, his
persistence and devotion made him pathfinder, leader, and champion for the
whole Organization throughout the thirteen years he served it.
The Organization was formed when urgent need to stabilize the life of a war-
shaken world impelled the nations toward common action. At the moment
when the first period of its existence has closed with the death of Thomas and
a new period has begun with the inauguration of H. B. Butler as his successor,
the nations of the world are again thinking in terms of a common predicament.
Their economists, industrialists, financiers, and business men, their politicians
and voters, are asking what reconstruction measures can be carried out by
countries acting singly and what measures can be made effective only by
groups of countries, or perhaps even by all countries, acting in concert. In
this connection fresh interest attaches to existing instrumentalities for inter-
national deliberation and agreement.
The editors of THE ANNALS here present a symposium which they hope will
answer the questions which the times are causing people to ask concerning
the International Labor Organization, the least known of those now all but
inclusive international institutions which were created by the Treaty of Ver-
sailles at the close of the World War. The International Labor Organization
is at a significant juncture in its internal history, in a year when the world is
scrutinizing all the instruments it may possibly make use of in projects of re-
construction.
This editor has well understood that it was not the purpose of THE ANNALS
to laud the Organization and its works, but to analyze and appraise them.
If there is small criticism of the Organization in this volume it is not because
of any deliberate deviation from that policy or of half-heartedness in its pur-
suit. It is because of the seeming impossibility of finding persons to present
such a reasoned and substantiated negative criticism as would deserve a place
in the present presentation. Those out of sympathy with the Organization
have naturally been little drawn to any very full study of its philosophy or to
long and close observation of its operations. Their criticisms seem to be based
either upon objection to specific acts of the Organization or upon generalized
considerations which belong rather to discussion of the critics' own alternative
program for reform than to elucidation of the nature and performance of the
Organization as it stands. Opposition to the United States' taking part in its
activities is usually based either on specific opposition to alliance with a
branch of the League of Nations or on general opposition to international in-
volvements. For informed and informing papers on the institution as a going
concern, it has proved necessary to rely on those who have taken part in its
work or studied its activities from sympathetic interest.
A general tone of approval and the occasional exhortations, in papers con-
tributed by Americans, that the United States join the Organization must be
charged to the personal responsibility of the contributors.
ALICE S. CHEYNEY.

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