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1 Monthly Budget Review for August 2020 1 (September 8, 2020)

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                                                                                     September  8, 2020






           Monthly Budget Review for August 2020


The federal budget deficit in August 2020 was $198 billion, CBO estimates, $3 billion less than the deficit
in August of last year. However, that comparison is distorted by shifts in the timing of certain payments in
both years that had opposite effects on the August deficit in their respective years.

Because  September 1, 2019, fell on a weekend, federal payments totaling about $52 billion were made in
August rather than in September of that year (increasing the deficit in August). A similar shift, of
$57 billion, occurred this year, but from August into July, reducing the August 2020 deficit. Without those
timing shifts, the deficit this August would have been $106 billion (or 72 percent) larger than in the same
month  last year. Outlays for unemployment compensation contributed significantly to the deficit this
August, accounting for about half of the increase in government spending (excluding the timing shifts).

                                       Budget  Totals for August
                                            Billions of Dollars

                                                                         Estimated Change
                                                                         With Adjustments for
                                                                       Timing Shifts in Outlays'
                                 Actual     Preliminary   Estimated   Billions of
                                 FY 2019     FY 2020      Change        Dollars     Percent
          Receipts                228         223            -5         -5             -2
          Outlays                 428         420             8         101            27
          Deficit (-)            -200        -198             3       -106             72

          Sources: Congressional Budget Office; Department of the Treasury.
          FY = fiscal year; * = between zero and $500 million.
          a. Adjusted amounts exclude the effects of shifting payments that otherwise would have been made on a
             weekend.


The cumulative federal budget deficit for the first 11 months of fiscal year 2020 was $3.0 trillion, CBO
estimates, $1.9 trillion more than the deficit recorded for the same period last year (see Figure 1). Revenues
were 1 percent lower and outlays were 46 percent higher through August 2020 than in the same 11-month
period in fiscal year 2019. CBO projects that the 2020 deficit will total $3.3 trillion. At 16.0 percent of
gross domestic product, that would be the largest shortfall relative to the size of the economy since 1945.'






1. See Congressional Budget Office, An Update to the Budget Outlook: 2020 to 2030 (September 2020),
   www.cbo.gov/publication/56517.

Note: The amounts shown in this report include the surplus or deficit in the Social Security trust funds and the net cash
flow of the Postal Service, which are off-budget. Numbers may not sum to totals because of rounding.

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