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1 An Analysis of the Discretionary Spending Proposals in the President's 2023 Budget 1 (July 1, 2022)

handle is hein.congrec/asotedysg0001 and id is 1 raw text is: n March 28, 2022, the Administration submitted its annual set of budgetary pro- posals to the Congress.1 In this report, the Congressional Budget Office examines how the discretionary spending proposals compare with CBO's most recent baseline budget projections, which span 2022 to 2032.2 The agency's baseline, which reflects the assumption that current laws governing federal spending and revenues will generally remain in place, is intended to provide a benchmark that policymakers can use to assess the potential effects of future policy decisions on federal spending and revenues and, therefore, on defi- cits and debt.3 Both CBO's baseline and its analysis of the Administration's proposals are based on the agency's most recent economic forecast. 1. The Administration transmitted subsequent amendments on June 7, 2022. The budgetary effects of those amendments are not included in this analysis. For details about those amendments, see Office of Management and Budget, Estimate #2-FY 2023 Budget Amendments: Departments of Agriculture, Defense, Energy, Health and Human Services, the Interior, Justice, Labor, and Transportation, as well for the Commission of Fine Arts, and Legislative Branch (June 7, 2022), www.whitehouse.gov/omb/ supplementals-amendments-and-releases/. 2. Discretionary spending is controlled by appropriation acts that provide funding or otherwise specify how much money can be obligated for certain government programs in specific years. Appropriations fund a broad array of government activities. CBO will provide an analysis of the budgetary effects of proposals affecting mandatory spending and revenues later this year. 3. For CBO's most recent baseline budget and economic projections, see Congressional Budget Office, The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2022 to 2032 (May 2022), www.cbo.gov/ publication/57950. In analyzing the President's budget, CBO incorpo- rates the discretionary funding levels requested by the Administration rather than using baseline amounts, which incorporate the assumption that funding will grow with inflation after 2022 (or, in the case of advance appropria- tions, from the final enacted advance appropriation). Proposals That Would Affect Discretionary Spending in 2023 The President has requested a total of $1.67 trillion in discretionary appropriations for 2023. That amount includes certain changes in budget authority attributable to proposed changes in mandatory programs that would be enacted in the annual appropriation bills; those provi- sions would, on net, reduce budget authority by $33 bil- lion in 2023 and increase it by $26 billion in 2024, CBO estimates.4 With those effects on mandatory programs excluded, the proposed appropriations for 2023 would total $1.71 trillion (see Table 1). That amount is $38 billion (or 2 percent) less than what had been appropriated for 2022 when CBO's baseline (which likewise excludes the effects of changes to mandatory programs enacted in 2022 4. Budget authority is the authority provided by federal law to incur financial obligations that will result in immediate or future outlays of federal government funds. A proposal to delay the date of availability of certain funding for the Child Enrollment Contingency Fund ($20 billion) and the Children's Health Insurance Program ($6 billion) from 2023 to 2024 accounts for three-quarters of the reduction in budget authority attributable to proposed changes to mandatory programs in appropriation bills in 2023. That proposal would boost budget authority by those same amounts in 2024, when the delayed funding would become available again. A second proposal related to the Children's Health Insurance Program would further reduce budget authority in 2023 by $6 billion. None of those changes would affect outlays in either year, CBO estimates.

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