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1 Legal Protections for Farm Animals during Transport 1 (2018)

handle is hein.animal/lgpfat0001 and id is 1 raw text is: ANIMAL WELFARE INSTITUTE eal P ci a An Durin Tranpor TABLE OF CONTENTS SI ntroduction (hty -htHour L Equin Tonpot F deu Lows Addre In n na Expeto ietc 3 Enfo F Twety-ih Hur Low Eune Transprt ntenotono Exort of Livestock 6 InutyStnad 7 Ir t d INTRODUCTION Each year, millions of farm animals are transported throughout the United States and across our borders to various locations based on their stage of production. Animals are transported for breeding, fattening, and slaughter, and often experience pain, fear, and suffering as a result of their loading, travel, and unloading. Farm animals are frequently deprived of food, water, and bedding during transport and often experience crowded conditions in trucks. Sometimes, the conditions are so bad during transport that animals become extremely stressed and may even die. Because of the potential negative impacts of transportation on animal welfare, the issue has been addressed (though inadequately) by federal, state, and international bodies. FEDERAL LAW T - ---ght Hour Low In the i8oos farm animals in the United States were transported to market by railroad. Criticism of cattle transportation methods resulted in the introduction of a bill in Congress in 1871 to regulate the length of time animals can be transported before rest must be provided.lThe bill was finally passed on March 3, 1873, and became known as the Twenty-Eight Hour Law., The law has also been known as the Cruelty to Animals Act, the Live Stock Transportation Act, and the Food and Rest Law., The version of the law passed in 1873 was a step forward in developing humane standards for the transportation of cattle, sheep, and swine. In order to comply with the law, transport companies were obliged to provide facilities at convenient places on their rail lines where feed, water, and rest could be furnished.4 Early pens and enclosures provided for this purpose were extremely crude and often poorly furnished., Many of the loading and unloading chutes were poorly constructed and resulted in injury to the animals.' Few of the pens provided for protection against rain or snow; some were not equipped with either feeding or watering troughs The pens were often so muddy that cattle would not lie down even to rest. Too often, the feed was dumped in the mud and animals were forced to drink from contaminated mud holes.' Nonetheless, the conditions under which livestock were handled in transit were slightly improved under this law., Dissatisfaction arose among the shippers, because of the poor conditions and the frequent unloading of the animals.- Numerous convictions for noncompliance with the 1873 law PA G

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