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13 Endangered Species Tech. Bull. 1 (1988)

handle is hein.animal/endanspb0013 and id is 1 raw text is: January 1988 Vol. XIII No. 1 em n -m m e sm m A mm mm a lil nanu. m a mm m AIII~ IIImm III - ggml MW IIIR m AIIIP Wl IIIP- W- III -~pili -M ~ lli -III-1IIIIMlII II-l= ,gioug mg igimmg-r= -la... U -H - III IIII Ull 515 ili 1 III.... , AIII -I~... ml m -11 Au gu-.. e g un- m i.. Technical Bulletin Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 20204 Habitat Loss Threatens Two Midwestern Plants Two species of plants endemic to small areas of the northern midwest were pro- posed by the Fish and Wildlife Service during December 1987 for listing as Threatened. Both grow only along lake- shores, lands that are in demand for development. If the proposals are made final, Endangered Species Act protection will be extended to the following: Fassett's Locoweed (Oxytropis campestris var. chartaceae) A perennial herb native to central Wisconsin, Fassett's locoweed is a mem- ber of the pea family (Fabaceae), It pro- duces a rosette of pinnately compound leaves clustered at the base of the stem and attractive rose-purple flowers. The total known population of about 4,500 plants is concentrated at 6 sites in Por- tage and Waushara Counties. Several historical populations of Fassett's locoweed were lost to lakeside construction and other modifications of the habitat All of the remaining sites are on privately owned land open to additional development Because of the species' vulnerability, the Service has proposed Isting Fassett's locoweed as Threatened (FR 12/4 87)' Dwarf Lake Iris (Iris lacustris) As suggested by its common name, this plant is small-less than 6 inches high- and grows along lakeshores. (It also dwarf take iris occurs in the partially shaded areas of upper beach habitat.) Currently, about 70 known sites are found on the northern shores of Lake Michigan and Huron in Wisconsin and Michigan, and there are about a dozen more sites in Ontario, Canada. Construction of lakeside housing and other development, which resulted in major losses of historical habitat, con- tinues to be a threat Most sites of the dwarf lake iris are on private property and are vulnerable to change. However, one dwarf lake iris site is on Federal land, a U.S. Coast Guard lighthouse station in Michigan, and several are on protected State lands. The Service has proposed to list the dwarf lake iris as Threatened (FR. 1214 87). A Federal listing under the Endangered Species Act would comple- ment and reinforce the protection already given the species by Wisconsin and Mich- igan, Potential recovery activities include management of the habitat to reduce competition from other plants and trans- planting irises to previously occupied sites (it any are found suitable). Alabama Cavefish, Now Considered Nearer to Extinction, is Proposed for Reclassification The Alabama cavefish (Speoplaty- rhinus poulsoni) is a small, blind, color- less fish known only from Key Cave in Lauderdale County, Alabama, It was listed by the Fish and Wildlife Service as a Threatened species in 1977. Since that time, studies of 120 other caves in north- eastern Alabama failed to locate any other S. poulsoni sites. The only known population is estimated to number fewer than 100 individuals, and its aquatic hab- itat is believed to be vulnerable to sewage and pesticide pollution. Because the Ala- bama cavefish is now considered in immediate danger of extinction, the Serv- ice has proposed to reclassify it from Threatened to the more critical category of Endangered (F.R. 12/4/87). The quality of Key Cave's environment is directly influenced by what takes place above-ground in the drainage or recharge area. Contaminants can enter the cave through sinkholes or other water collect- ing depressions. Within the probable recharge area are two activities that could affect groundwater quality: 1) the use of pesticides and other agricultural chemi- cals on row crops and 2) a sewage sludge disposal operation developed by the Ten- nessee Valley Authority and operated intermittently by the City of Florence, Ala- bama. The Fish and Wildlife Service is working with the Environmental Protection Agency in an attempt to control possible sources of water pollution in the area. In the meantime, however, the Service believes that the category of Endangered repre- sents the true status of the Alabama cavefish. ENDANGERED SPECIES TECHNICAL BULLETIN Vol. XIII No. 1 (1988) ........ . ............ _ a

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